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MxA mRNA decrease preceding NAb detection in IFNβ-treated MS patients.

Jana Libertinova¹, Eva Meluzinova¹, Vaclav Matoska²

¹Department of Neurology Charles University 2nd Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital Prague Czech Republic.

Brain and Behavior

|March 16, 2017

Summary

Myxovirus resistance protein A (MxA) mRNA levels are a more sensitive indicator of declining interferon beta (IFNβ) treatment efficacy in multiple sclerosis patients than neutralizing antibody (NAb) detection.

Keywords:

MxA MxA mRNA bioactivity interferon beta multiple sclerosis neutralizing antibodies

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Neuroscience
Pharmacology

Background:

Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients treated with interferon beta (IFNβ) may experience reduced treatment effectiveness due to the development of IFNβ-neutralizing antibodies (NAbs).
Myxovirus resistance protein A (MxA) mRNA expression serves as a recognized biomarker for assessing IFNβ biological activity.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the longitudinal changes in MxA mRNA expression during extended IFNβ therapy in MS patients.
To evaluate the correlation between MxA mRNA levels and the emergence of NAbs.

Main Methods:

A prospective, observational, open-label study involved MS patients initiating IFNβ treatment.
Neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) and MxA mRNA levels were monitored at six-month intervals.

Main Results:

Out of 107 patients analyzed, 15 showed both NAb positivity and reduced MxA mRNA expression.
In 40% of these patients, a decline in MxA mRNA preceded NAb detection.
An additional six patients exhibited decreased MxA mRNA without detectable NAbs.

Conclusions:

MxA mRNA quantification offers a more sensitive method for identifying a loss of IFNβ efficacy compared to NAb testing alone.
This finding suggests MxA mRNA monitoring could aid in optimizing MS treatment strategies.