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How does obesity affect the endocrine system? A narrative review.

M Poddar1, Y Chetty2, V T Chetty1

  • 1Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.

Clinical Obesity
|March 16, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Obesity significantly impacts the endocrine system, affecting hormones like vitamin D, thyroid, and insulin. This review explores these biochemical changes and management guidelines in obesity.

Keywords:
Endocrine systemobesityreview

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Obesity is a complex, multifactorial condition with significant health consequences.
  • While endocrine diseases can cause obesity, the impact of obesity on the endocrine system is less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the effects of obesity on various endocrine systems.
  • To discuss biochemical changes, potential causes, and management guidelines related to obesity and endocrine function.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on the endocrine consequences of obesity.
  • Analysis of biochemical alterations in patients with obesity.
  • Examination of hormonal systems including the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, vitamin D, gender steroids, thyroid hormones, and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.

Main Results:

  • Obesity influences multiple endocrine axes, leading to altered hormone levels and function.
  • Specific impacts include changes in vitamin D homeostasis, gender steroid balance, thyroid hormone regulation, and insulin pathophysiology.
  • The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is also affected by obesity.

Conclusions:

  • Obesity profoundly affects endocrine function across multiple systems.
  • Understanding these biochemical changes is crucial for managing obesity-related health issues.
  • Further research into the interplay between obesity and endocrinology is warranted.