Pediatric eosinophilic esophagitis in Portugal

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
• Gastroenterology

Background:

• Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a growing concern, particularly in pediatric populations.
• Allergic reactions to foods and airborne allergens are strongly suspected in EoE development.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the clinical characteristics and allergen sensitization patterns in pediatric patients diagnosed with EoE.
• To highlight the diagnostic delay and the need for a comprehensive management strategy.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 25 pediatric EoE patients treated in an Immunoallergology Department.
• Evaluation of patient history, symptoms (especially dysphagia), and allergen sensitization (food and aeroallergens).

Main Results:

• A high prevalence of atopic comorbidities: rhinoconjunctivitis (88%), asthma (76%), eczema (48%), and food allergy (36%).
• Significant sensitization rates: 76% to food allergens, 92% to aeroallergens, with 68% having dual sensitization.
• Dysphagia was the primary symptom in 44% and most frequent in 56%. Average diagnostic delay was 18.6 months.

Conclusions:

• Pediatric EoE is frequently associated with multiple allergic comorbidities and sensitizations.
• A multidisciplinary approach is essential for accurate diagnosis, timely intervention, and effective long-term management of pediatric EoE.