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Updated: Mar 6, 2026

Facile Preparation of 2Z,4E-Dienamides by the Olefination of Electron-deficient Alkenes with Allyl Acetate
Published on: June 21, 2017
Mechanistic Model for Enantioselective Intramolecular Alkene Cyanoamidation via Palladium-Catalyzed C-CN Bond
Grant B Frost1, Nicholas A Serratore1, Jodi M Ogilvie1
1Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities , 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States.
Abstract:
We studied key aspects of the mechanism of Pd-catalyzed C-CN bond activation and intramolecular enantioselective alkene cyanoamidation. An Abboud-Abraham-Kamlet-Taft (AAKT) linear solvation energy relationship (LSER) model for enantioselectivity was established. We investigated the impact of Lewis acid (BPh3), Lewis base (DMPU), and no additives. BPh3 additive led to diminished enantioselectivity and differing results in 13CN crossover experiments, initial rate kinetics, and natural abundance 12C/13C kinetic isotope effect measurements. We propose two catalytic mechanisms to account for our experimental results. We propose that the DMPU/nonadditive pathway passes through a κ2-phosphoramidite-stabilized Pd+ intermediate, resulting in high enantioselectivity. BPh3 prevents the dissociation of CN-, leading to a less rigid κ2-phosphoramidite-neutral Pd intermediate.
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