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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Selective activation of goal-relevant meaning is crucial for conceptual knowledge.
  • Ventrolateral prefrontal and posterior temporal areas are known contributors to semantic cognition.
  • The role of the posterior parietal cortex in semantic control is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the posterior parietal cortex in semantic control.
  • To determine if the posterior parietal cortex modulates attention to semantic features based on task relevance.
  • To explore how the posterior parietal cortex represents attentional demands for concrete and abstract semantic features.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized multivoxel pattern analysis (MVPA) to decode attentional referents during a semantic judgment task.
  • Participants matched object cues to targets based on concrete (color, shape) or abstract (function, theme) semantic features.
  • Employed Bayesian confusion matrix analysis to assess regional contributions to representing attentional demands.

Main Results:

  • Attentional referents for semantic features (concrete and abstract) were successfully decoded from cortical activity.
  • Differential contributions to representing attentional demands were identified across prefrontal, temporal, and parietal regions.
  • The left intraparietal sulcus uniquely supported distinctions across all semantic features, while dorsolateral pFC distinguished higher-order properties.

Conclusions:

  • Neural activity patterns in the parietal cortex are sensitive to attended semantic features.
  • Provides the first evidence for the posterior parietal cortex's contribution to semantic control.
  • Suggests the posterior parietal cortex plays a significant role in directing attention within semantic memory.