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Related Concept Videos

Surface Active Agents01:27

Surface Active Agents

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Surfactants, named for their behavior at interfaces, positively adsorb at the interfaces of two phases, reducing interfacial tension. Their versatility as emulsifiers, detergents, and foaming agents stems from this ability. Surfactants, often termed amphiphiles, share the property of amphipathy, with molecules having both hydrophilic and hydrophobic portions. The hydrophilic part is called the head, and the hydrophobic part, including an elongated alkyl substituent, forms the tail.Surfactants...
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Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
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Skin Cancer01:30

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
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The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
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Mutations are changes in the sequence of DNA. These changes can occur spontaneously or they can be induced by exposure to environmental factors. Mutations can be characterized in a number of different ways: whether and how they alter the amino acid sequence of the protein, whether they occur over a small or large area of DNA, and whether they occur in somatic cells or germline cells.
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Active sunscreen ingredients in Australia.

Francis Hx Yap1, Hock C Chua2, Clare P Tait1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.

The Australasian Journal of Dermatology
|March 16, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sunscreen use effectively reduces skin cancer risk from UV radiation. This review details Australian sunscreen ingredients, efficacy, and regulatory assessment for informed consumer choice.

Keywords:
photostabilityside-effectsolubilitysunscreensunscreen ingredient

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Photoprotection
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a primary cause of skin cancer and premature skin aging.
  • Sunscreen application is a key strategy to mitigate UV-induced skin damage.
  • The Australian market offers over 900 sunscreen products, complicating selection for consumers and healthcare professionals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review active ingredients in Australian sunscreens.
  • To evaluate their protective mechanisms, photostability, solubility, and potential side effects.
  • To explain the Therapeutic Goods Administration's (TGA) methods for assessing sunscreen efficacy and ratings.

Main Methods:

  • Review of active sunscreen ingredients available in Australia.
  • Analysis of protection modes, photostability, and solubility.
  • Examination of TGA guidelines and efficacy assessment protocols.

Main Results:

  • Discussion of various UV filters and their properties.
  • Highlighting the importance of TGA ratings for product efficacy.
  • Identification of factors influencing sunscreen effectiveness and safety.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding sunscreen ingredients and TGA assessments is crucial for effective photoprotection.
  • Informed sunscreen selection can significantly reduce the incidence of UV-related skin conditions.
  • This review provides a guide for selecting appropriate sunscreens in the Australian market.