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Hemodialysis II: Procedure and Complications01:24

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DialyzersA hemodialysis (HD) dialyzer is a plastic cartridge containing thousands of parallel hollow fibers, which serve as semipermeable membranes. These fibers are typically made from cellulose-based or other synthetic materials. During HD, blood is pumped into the top of the cartridge and distributed among these fibers. Simultaneously, dialysis fluid, known as dialysate, is introduced into the bottom of the cartridge, bathing the outside of the fibers. Across the semipermeable membrane,...
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Renal failure occurs when the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste products from the blood effectively. It can be classified into two types: acute renal failure (ARF) and chronic renal failure (CRF).
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Dialysis is a diffusion-based purification process that separates analyte molecules from a complex matrix. This is accomplished by allowing molecules in the solution to pass through a semipermeable membrane into a liquid on the other side. The membrane is usually made of cellulose acetate or cellulose nitrate, and the second liquid must be miscible with the solution. Ions (e.g., chloride or sodium) or organic molecules (e.g., glucose) can pass through the membrane pores, which generally have...
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Hemodialysis (HD) is a medical treatment that artificially removes waste products, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to perform these functions effectively. In this process, blood is filtered through a semipermeable membrane, allowing for the selective removal of waste while preserving necessary components like blood cells and proteins. Hemodialysis is typically performed in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or severe kidney...
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Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a medical process that removes waste products and excess fluid from the body using the peritoneal membrane as a natural filter.Peritoneal Dialysis MethodsSeveral methods can be used for peritoneal dialysis, including Acute Intermittent Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis, and Automated Peritoneal Dialysis, also known as Continuous Cyclic Peritoneal Dialysis.Acute Intermittent Peritoneal Dialysis (AIPD) is used for patients with uremic...
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Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

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Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 6, 2026

Surgical Techniques for Catheter Placement and 5/6 Nephrectomy in Murine Models of Peritoneal Dialysis
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Dialysis-associated steal syndrome (DASS).

Ahmed S Mohamed1, Eric K Peden1

  • 1The Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, Texas - USA.

The Journal of Vascular Access
|March 16, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Dialysis access steal syndrome (DASS) presents with varied symptoms and is a serious complication. Diagnosis is primarily clinical, requiring careful management for optimal outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Surgery
  • Nephrology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Dialysis access steal syndrome (DASS) is a significant complication following access surgery.
  • Awareness among providers caring for dialysis patients is crucial due to potential limb-threatening symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical presentation of DASS.
  • To outline evaluation methods and treatment strategies.
  • To present a diagnostic and management algorithm.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on DASS epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, evaluation, and management.
  • Analysis of existing diagnostic and treatment approaches.

Main Results:

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  • DASS, though low in incidence, is a dreaded complication.
  • Symptoms of DASS can range from mild to severe, potentially threatening the limb.
  • Diagnosis of DASS is predominantly clinical, despite available tests.

    • Conclusions:

    • Multiple treatment options are available for DASS.
    • A clear diagnostic evaluation and management algorithm are presented.