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Related Concept Videos

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The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
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Halogens are ortho–para directors. They are more electronegative than carbon. Therefore, as ring substituents, they can withdraw electrons through the inductive effect and deactivate the aromatic ring towards electrophilic substitution. Halogens also have an electron-donating resonance effect on the ring, which influences the orientation of the incoming electrophile. If an electrophile attacks at the ortho or the para position, the halogen donates electrons and stabilizes the intermediate...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 6, 2026

Author Spotlight: 3D Movement Assessment of Maxillary Posterior Teeth in Clear Aligner Treatment
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Clear aligners in orthodontic treatment.

T Weir1,2

  • 1Brisbane, Australia.

Australian Dental Journal
|March 16, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Clear aligner therapy, used for decades, is increasingly popular for orthodontic tooth movement. This paper reviews clear aligner scope, limitations, and product differences.

Keywords:
clear alignersorthodontics

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Area of Science:

  • Orthodontics
  • Dental Technology

Background:

  • Removable appliances for tooth movement, similar to clear aligners, have existed since 1944.
  • Clear aligner therapy has gained significant traction, especially since 1998.
  • Over 27 distinct clear aligner products are currently available.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the growing popularity of clear aligner appliances.
  • To discuss the clinical scope and limitations of clear aligner therapy.
  • To differentiate between various available clear aligner products.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clear aligner therapy.
  • Analysis of current market offerings.
  • Comparison of different clear aligner systems.

Main Results:

  • Clear aligner therapy is a rapidly expanding segment of orthodontics.
  • The clinical applications of clear aligners are broad but have defined limitations.
  • Significant variations exist among different clear aligner brands.

Conclusions:

  • Clear aligners represent a significant and growing modality in orthodontic treatment.
  • Understanding the scope, limitations, and product variations is crucial for effective clinical use.