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Disease spread dynamics are impacted by social network changes. This study models disease spreading on signed networks, revealing how infection risk alters relationships and affects disease propagation outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Complex Systems Science
  • Epidemiology
  • Network Science
  • Sociophysics

Background:

  • Traditional disease spreading models often assume static social networks.
  • Epidemics can influence individual behavior, altering social connections.
  • Signed networks represent relationships with positive (friendly) or negative (unfriendly) ties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate disease spreading on signed networks where network structure evolves due to contagion.
  • To generalize the concept of structural balance to account for node states (susceptible/infected).
  • To analyze the interplay between disease dynamics and social relationship evolution.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a susceptible-infected disease-spreading model on signed networks.
  • Generalization of structural balance theory to incorporate node infection states.
  • Introduction of an energy function and Monte Carlo simulations on complete networks.
  • Analysis of the energy landscape and identification of jammed states.

Main Results:

  • Edge signs in signed networks evolve towards structural balance, but infection risk disrupts this.
  • Monte Carlo simulations reveal local minima in the energy landscape, termed jammed states.
  • The ratio of initial friendly to unfriendly connections significantly impacts disease propagation.
  • The system can reach a balanced steady state or a jammed state with coexisting susceptible and infected nodes.

Conclusions:

  • Disease spreading is a coupled process involving both infection dynamics and evolving social relationships.
  • The concept of structural balance needs modification to accurately model disease spread in dynamic social networks.
  • Jammed states represent a novel outcome in disease dynamics, leading to persistent coexistence of infected and susceptible individuals.