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Sedentary behaviours during pregnancy: a systematic review.

Caterina Fazzi1,2, David H Saunders3, Kathryn Linton4,5

  • 1Tommy's Centre for Maternal and Fetal Health, MRC/University of Edinburgh, Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom.

The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity
|March 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Pregnant women spend over half their waking hours in sedentary behavior, linked to higher C-reactive protein and LDL cholesterol. This sedentary time may negatively impact maternal and infant outcomes during pregnancy.

Keywords:
PregnancySedentarismSedentary behaviours

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Public Health
  • Preventive Medicine

Background:

  • Sedentary behaviors, defined as activities expending less than 1.5 metabolic equivalents (e.g., sitting), constitute over 50% of awake time in the general population.
  • Prolonged sedentary time is a recognized risk factor for chronic diseases like type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality.
  • While associations between sedentary behavior and adverse outcomes are established in the general population, its impact on pregnancy outcomes remains largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the proportion of time pregnant women spend in sedentary behaviors.
  • To investigate the association between sedentary behavior during pregnancy and maternal and offspring outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted across five electronic databases.
  • Studies assessing sedentary behaviors during pregnancy were included, with independent quality and bias assessments by two reviewers.
  • Data extraction was performed by two independent reviewers.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-six studies met the inclusion criteria, revealing that pregnant women spend over 50% of their time in sedentary behaviors.
  • Increased sedentary time was significantly associated with elevated C-reactive protein, LDL cholesterol, and larger newborn abdominal circumference.
  • Higher sedentary behavior levels were observed in women delivering macrosomic infants, though associations with gestational weight gain, hypertensive disorders, and birth weight showed discrepancies.

Conclusions:

  • Sedentary behavior is prevalent during pregnancy and may adversely affect maternal and infant outcomes.
  • Significant heterogeneity in study designs and methods for assessing sedentary behavior highlights the need for robust future research.
  • Future studies should employ rigorous methodologies to accurately quantify sedentary behavior and its impact on pregnancy.