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Lenvatinib for Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer.

Makoto Tahara1, Naomi Kiyota2, Tomoko Yamazaki1

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Frontiers in Oncology
|March 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Lenvatinib shows manageable safety and clinical activity in anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) patients. Further investigation of lenvatinib for ATC is warranted due to promising results.

Keywords:
anaplastic thyroid cancerclinical triallenvatinibphase 2tyrosine kinase inhibitor

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Clinical Pharmacology

Background:

  • Lenvatinib is approved for radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RR-DTC).
  • Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a highly lethal subtype with unmet therapeutic needs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the safety and efficacy of lenvatinib in patients with advanced thyroid cancer, including ATC.

Main Methods:

  • A phase 2, single-arm, open-label study involving patients with ATC, RR-DTC, and medullary thyroid cancer.
  • Patients received daily lenvatinib (24 mg) until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
  • Primary endpoint: safety; Secondary endpoints: progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and objective response rate (ORR).

Main Results:

  • 17 ATC patients were enrolled; all experienced treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), most commonly decreased appetite and hypertension.
  • Median PFS was 7.4 months, median OS was 10.6 months, and ORR was 24%.
  • Lenvatinib withdrawal due to TEAEs was rare and unrelated to the drug in this cohort.

Conclusions:

  • Lenvatinib demonstrated manageable toxicity with dose adjustments and showed clinical activity in patients with ATC.
  • The observed clinical activity supports further investigation of lenvatinib for anaplastic thyroid cancer treatment.