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Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
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Diagrams benefit symbolic problem-solving.

Junyi Chu1, Bethany Rittle-Johnson2, Emily R Fyfe3

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.

The British Journal of Educational Psychology
|March 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Adding diagrams to algebra problems significantly improved students' accuracy and strategy use. This visual aid benefit was consistent across different student abilities and problem complexities, enhancing mathematical problem-solving.

Keywords:
algebra equationsdiagramsexternal representationsmathematics problemsolving

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Educational Psychology
  • Mathematics Education

Background:

  • Problem format significantly impacts student performance in mathematics.
  • Diagrams enhance understanding and accuracy in story problems.
  • The effect of diagrams on symbolic equation problems is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of diagrams on students' performance with algebra equation problems.
  • To determine if diagrams increase problem-solving success.
  • To examine the robustness of the diagram effect across student and item factors.

Main Methods:

  • Experiment involving 61 seventh-grade students with pre-algebra instruction.
  • Within-subjects design comparing equation-only and equation-with-diagram formats.
  • Analysis of accuracy and strategy use in solving algebra problems.

Main Results:

  • Diagrams improved equation-solving accuracy.
  • The presence of diagrams increased the use of informal problem-solving strategies.
  • The benefits of diagrams were independent of student ability and item complexity.

Conclusions:

  • Diagrams benefit symbolic algebra problems, similar to story problems.
  • Findings align with cognitive models of problem-solving.
  • Diagrams can serve as a valuable supplementary representation for symbolic math problems.