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Small Poultry Flocks in Alberta: Demographics and Practices.

Chunu Mainali1, Ilona Houston1

  • 1Animal Policy and Epidemiology Section, Animal Health Branch, Animal Health and Assurance Division, Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, O.S. Longman Building, 6909 116th Street, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6H 4P2.

Avian Diseases
|March 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Small backyard poultry flocks in Alberta are diverse and often managed with inconsistent biosecurity, posing potential avian disease and public health risks. Improved practices are needed to enhance flock health and mitigate zoonotic disease transmission.

Keywords:
backyard chickensbiosecurityepidemiologyrisk factorssmall poultry flockzoonotic disease

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Epidemiology
  • One Health
  • Animal Husbandry

Background:

  • Small "backyard" poultry flocks are increasing in Alberta, Canada.
  • Minimal demographic and management data exist for these growing populations.
  • These flocks can play a role in avian disease and zoonoses transmission.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the demographics, health, and management practices of small poultry flocks in Alberta.
  • To identify potential risks for disease spread and public health concerns.
  • To provide baseline data for future interventions and studies.

Main Methods:

  • A survey was conducted with 206 respondents from 43 counties in Alberta.
  • Data collected included flock demographics, bird health, production, and biosecurity practices.
  • Quantitative and qualitative analyses were performed on the survey data.

Main Results:

  • Flocks exhibited significant diversity in size and composition, with laying hens being most common.
  • Most owners were new to poultry keeping, with limited experience.
  • Inconsistent use of medical interventions and inadequate biosecurity practices were prevalent.
  • Substantial potential for direct and indirect contact between flocks, humans, and other animals was identified.

Conclusions:

  • Alberta's small poultry sector is diverse and largely consists of novice owners.
  • Inconsistent husbandry and biosecurity practices present risks to flock health and public health.
  • There are significant opportunities to improve flock management and mitigate disease transmission through targeted interventions.