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Related Concept Videos

Types of Selection01:46

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Natural selection influences the frequencies of particular alleles and phenotypes within populations in several different ways. Primarily, natural selection can be directional, stabilizing, or disruptive. Directional selection favors one extreme trait and shifts the population towards that phenotype while selecting against individuals displaying alternate traits. Stabilizing selection favors an intermediate trait with a narrow range of variation. Deviation from the optimal phenotype towards an...
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When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.
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Most altruistic behavior—in which one animal helps another at a cost to themselves—occurs between relatives. Scientists think these altruistic behaviors evolved because they increase the inclusive fitness of the animal providing help.
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Comparison between different selection indices in energy cane breeding.

A A C de Azeredo1, L L Bhering1, B P Brasileiro2

  • 1Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, MG, Brasil.

Genetics and Molecular Research : GMR
|March 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Selection indices help identify sugarcane clones with high fiber and sucrose yields. The Mulamba and Mock (1978) and Pesek and Baker (1969) indices efficiently selected energy cane clones for desirable fiber and sucrose traits.

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Plant Breeding

Background:

  • Sugarcane breeding now requires cultivars with high fiber content alongside high sucrose yield.
  • Selecting sugarcane clones based solely on phenotype is challenging due to multiple desired agronomic traits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate various selection indices for identifying superior energy cane clones.
  • To determine the most effective selection indices for combining high fiber yield, sucrose content, and cane yield.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated 220 sugarcane clones for traits including stalk weight, cane yield, sucrose content, fiber percentage, and fiber yield.
  • Applied several selection indices: Smith (1936), Hazel (1943), Mulamba and Mock (1978), Williams (1962), and Pesek and Baker (1969).

Main Results:

  • The Mulamba and Mock (1978) index (with and without heritability-based economic weights) and the Pesek and Baker (1969) index (with desired gains) proved efficient.
  • These indices effectively identified energy cane clones with optimal fiber yield, sucrose content, and cane yield.

Conclusions:

  • Selection indices are crucial tools for optimizing sugarcane breeding programs.
  • Specific indices, notably Mulamba and Mock (1978) and Pesek and Baker (1969), are recommended for selecting energy cane with improved fiber and sucrose characteristics.