Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

906
Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
906
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

889
Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
889
Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

844
Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
844
Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview01:20

Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview

1.3K
Inhalation anesthetics are drugs that induce general anesthesia upon inhalation. They work by increasing the sensitivity of GABAA receptors or inhibiting NMDA receptors, leading to a decrease in central nervous system activity. The depth of anesthesia can be rapidly adjusted by changing the concentration of the inhaled gas. Some common examples of inhalational anesthetics include volatile liquids like isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane and gases like xenon and nitrous oxide. Isoflurane, a...
1.3K
Stages of General Anesthesia01:22

Stages of General Anesthesia

2.0K
Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
2.0K
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia01:11

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

1.7K
Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
1.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Factors associated with independence in activities at hospital discharge, 3 and 6 months after injury in humanitarian settings: A multicenter, prospective cohort study.

Surgery·2025
Same author

Typology and implications of verified attacks on health care in Ukraine in the first 18 months of war.

PLOS global public health·2024
Same author

Correction: Sexual violence against migrants and asylum seekers. The experience of the MSF clinic on Lesvos Island, Greece.

PloS one·2024
Same author

Correction: Assessing independence in mobility activities in trauma care: Validity and reliability of the Activity Independence Measure-Trauma (AIM-T) in humanitarian settings.

PLOS global public health·2024
Same author

Correction: Monitoring independence in daily life activities after trauma in humanitarian settings: Item reduction and assessment of content validity of the Activity Independence Measure-Trauma (AIM-T).

PLOS global public health·2024
Same author

Correction: How to bring residents' psychosocial well-being to the heart of the fight against Covid-19 in Belgian nursing homes-A qualitative study.

PloS one·2024
Same journal

Perioperative Cardiovascular Outcomes and Risk Assessment in Older Adults for Noncardiac Surgery.

Current anesthesiology reports·2025
Same journal

Intraoperative Colloid Use on Post-operative Renal Function.

Current anesthesiology reports·2025
Same journal

Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement.

Current anesthesiology reports·2025
Same journal

Perioperative Management of the Geriatric Trauma Patient.

Current anesthesiology reports·2025
Same journal

Anesthesia Care for Patients Undergoing Total Joint Arthroplasty: A Narrative Review of Disparities in Regional Anesthesia and Recommendations for Future Research Directions.

Current anesthesiology reports·2025
Same journal

An Overview of Adult Acute Traumatic Neurologic Injury for the Anesthesiologist: <i>What is Known, What is New, and Emerging Concepts</i>.

Current anesthesiology reports·2025
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 6, 2026

Halogenated Agent Delivery in Porcine Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome via an Intensive Care Unit Type Device
09:36

Halogenated Agent Delivery in Porcine Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome via an Intensive Care Unit Type Device

Published on: September 24, 2020

3.3K

Anesthesia Provision in Disasters and Armed Conflicts.

Miguel Trelles Centurion1, Rafael Van Den Bergh2, Henry Gray3

  • 1Surgical Care Unit - Operational Centre Brussels, Médecins Sans Frontières - Doctors Without Borders, Rue de l'Arbre Bénit 46, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.

Current Anesthesiology Reports
|March 18, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Safe anesthesia administration is achievable in disaster settings, even with limited resources. Local, spinal, and intravenous anesthetics are preferred, emphasizing patient consent and standard procedures for surgical care in emergencies.

Keywords:
AnesthesiaArmed conflictDisastersKetaminePrecarious settingsSurgery

More Related Videos

In Vitro Method to Control Concentrations of Halogenated Gases in Cultured Alveolar Epithelial Cells
04:56

In Vitro Method to Control Concentrations of Halogenated Gases in Cultured Alveolar Epithelial Cells

Published on: October 23, 2018

7.1K
An In Vivo Mouse Model of Total Intravenous Anesthesia During Cancer Resection Surgery
06:40

An In Vivo Mouse Model of Total Intravenous Anesthesia During Cancer Resection Surgery

Published on: June 8, 2021

2.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 6, 2026

Halogenated Agent Delivery in Porcine Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome via an Intensive Care Unit Type Device
09:36

Halogenated Agent Delivery in Porcine Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome via an Intensive Care Unit Type Device

Published on: September 24, 2020

3.3K
In Vitro Method to Control Concentrations of Halogenated Gases in Cultured Alveolar Epithelial Cells
04:56

In Vitro Method to Control Concentrations of Halogenated Gases in Cultured Alveolar Epithelial Cells

Published on: October 23, 2018

7.1K
An In Vivo Mouse Model of Total Intravenous Anesthesia During Cancer Resection Surgery
06:40

An In Vivo Mouse Model of Total Intravenous Anesthesia During Cancer Resection Surgery

Published on: June 8, 2021

2.9K

Area of Science:

  • Disaster medicine
  • Global surgery
  • Anesthesiology in resource-limited settings

Background:

  • Disasters and conflicts generate high trauma loads, overwhelming healthcare in developing nations.
  • Surgical conditions persist alongside trauma, demanding urgent care.
  • Context-specific surgical needs and capabilities vary greatly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review anesthesia practices in austere environments.
  • To assess the feasibility of safe anesthesia delivery in challenging settings.
  • To identify appropriate anesthetic techniques for disaster situations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of anesthesia practices in humanitarian settings.
  • Analysis of challenges and successes in resource-limited anesthesia.
  • Evaluation of anesthetic agent suitability based on context.

Main Results:

  • Doctors Without Borders (MSF) demonstrates safe anesthesia is possible in precarious situations.
  • The 'do no harm' principle is upheld through careful anesthetic management.
  • Anesthesia providers must acknowledge and adapt to contextual difficulties.

Conclusions:

  • Local, spinal, and intravenous (Ketamine) anesthesia are widely accepted.
  • Inhalation anesthesia presents constraints; regional anesthesia is underutilized; epidural is not recommended.
  • Standard operative procedures and informed patient consent are essential.