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Related Experiment Videos

Multifocal cytomegalovirus encephalitis in AIDS.

J C Masdeu1, C B Small, L Weiss

  • 1Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore-North Central Bronx Hospitals, NY.

Annals of Neurology
|January 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) brain disease in an AIDS patient was diagnosed using MRI. Treatment with ganciclovir (BW B759U) stabilized the condition and improved brain lesions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) can lead to opportunistic infections affecting the central nervous system.
  • Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised individuals, including those with AIDS.
  • Diagnosing multifocal brain disease in AIDS patients can be challenging with conventional imaging.

Observation:

  • A 43-year-old male patient with AIDS presented with clinical signs of multifocal brain disease.
  • Computed tomography (CT) scans of the brain were initially negative, failing to detect the extent of the disease.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) successfully identified multifocal lesions in the brain.

Findings:

  • Histopathological examination confirmed the brain lesions were caused by Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection.

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  • The patient received therapy with 9[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl) ethoxymethyl] guanine (BW B759U), a potent antiviral agent.
  • Treatment with BW B759U led to clinical stabilization of the patient's condition.
  • Radiographic assessment showed significant improvement in the size and appearance of the brain lesions.

    • Implications:

    • This case highlights the diagnostic utility of MRI in detecting CMV brain disease in AIDS patients when CT is inconclusive.
    • Effective antiviral therapy, such as BW B759U (ganciclovir), can manage CMV-related neurological complications in advanced HIV infection.
    • Early and accurate diagnosis through advanced imaging is crucial for timely intervention and improved outcomes in opportunistic CNS infections.