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Competition between Bufo larvae in a eutrophic pond.

Louise Bardsley1, T J C Beebee1

  • 1School of Biology, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK e-mail: t.j.c.beebee@sussex.ac.uk, , , , , , GB.

Oecologia
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Competition between toad tadpoles (Bufo bufo and B. calamita) intensified in a farm pond, driven by resource scarcity rather than disease. Tadpole density negatively impacted survival and growth, with interspecific competition being more severe.

Keywords:
Competition mechanismsKey words  Bufo

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Amphibian Biology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Anuran larvae exhibit complex competitive interactions.
  • Previous research implicated the pathogen Anurofeca richardsi in interference competition between Bufo species.
  • Field conditions can significantly alter the mechanisms and intensity of interspecific competition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate interspecific competition between Bufo bufo and Bu. calamita larvae under conditions unfavorable for known interference mechanisms.
  • To determine the primary drivers of competition (resource vs. interference) in a novel habitat.

Main Methods:

  • Field experiment using replicated cage treatments in a farm pond habitat.
  • Monitoring tadpole survival, growth, and algal community composition.
  • Analyzing gut contents for food acquisition and feeding niche overlap.

Main Results:

  • Bu. calamita larval survival and growth were inversely related to density, with interspecific effects being more severe than intraspecific effects.
  • No evidence of A. richardsi was found, indicating competition occurred without disease-mediated interference.
  • Tadpole presence altered algal community structure; however, larval growth was not directly correlated with food availability, though food acquisition decreased with density.

Conclusions:

  • Resource competition, not interference, was the primary mechanism driving intense competition between Bufo larvae in this farm pond.
  • High feeding niche overlap decreased with increasing larval density, supporting resource competition as the main driver.