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Two-Dimensional Visualization and Quantification of Labile, Inorganic Plant Nutrients and Contaminants in Soil
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Factors affecting tissue nutrient concentrations in aCarex meadow.

Allan N D Auclair1

  • 1Biology Department, Mcgill University, H3C 3G1, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Oecologia
|March 18, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Wetland plant nutrient levels differ from forests, with potassium and sodium high, while calcium and magnesium are low. Environmental factors like water depth and stem density significantly influence these tissue nutrient variations among species.

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Area of Science:

  • Wetland Ecology
  • Plant Physiology
  • Biogeochemistry

Background:

  • Nutrient concentrations in wetland plants are influenced by a complex interplay of community and edaphic (soil) factors.
  • Previous research indicates variations in nutrient levels between different wetland types and terrestrial ecosystems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the influence of community and edaphic variables on tissue nutrient concentrations in seven Carex wetland species.
  • To compare nutrient levels in wetland species to those found in deciduous forest and adjacent Scirpus wetland ecosystems.
  • To identify key environmental factors driving nutrient variation among wetland plant species.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of tissue nutrient concentrations (macronutrients and micronutrients) for seven Carex wetland species.
  • Comparison of nutrient levels with data from a deciduous forest and an adjacent Scirpus wetland.
  • Statistical analysis, including principal components analysis (PCA), to determine interrelations between tissue elements and environmental variables (water depth, fire incidence, stem density, soil nutrients).

Main Results:

  • Wetland plants exhibited higher potassium (K) and sodium (Na) levels and lower calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) concentrations compared to deciduous forest species.
  • Macronutrient concentrations followed the order K>N>Ca>Mg>Na>P, with micronutrients (Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu) being less abundant.
  • Principal components analysis revealed distinct groupings of elements influenced by water depth and fire incidence, suggesting nutrient loss via volatilization, runoff, or leaching. Stem density and soil nitrogen were also significant factors influencing specific nutrient concentrations.

Conclusions:

  • Environmental factors, particularly water depth, fire incidence, stem density, and soil nutrient availability, significantly shape tissue nutrient profiles in wetland plants.
  • Litter plays an active role in cation exchange, with higher concentrations of iron and manganese compared to green tissues.
  • Understanding these relationships is crucial for characterizing nutrient cycling and species-specific adaptations in Carex wetland ecosystems.