Control of fecundity through abortion in Epilobium montanum L

Plants of the inbreeding perennial herb Epilobium montanum L. were defoliated at two stages in development and the formation and abortion of flower buds, flowers, copsules and ovules was compared with control plants. A comparison was also made of the effects of self- and cross-pollination on fecundily. Defoliation reduced the number of flower buds formed but its greatest effect was to increase the abortion of flower buds. Defoliation also caused earlier abortions which were generally lower on the racemes of the treated than on the control plants. The abortion of flowers and capsules was much less significant. The number of ovules formed per capsule decreased with height on the raceme and the abortion rate of ovules was increased by defoliation. The pattern of ovule abortion within the capsules differed between cross- and self-pollinated plants but the number of seeds ripened was not affected. The overall survivorship of ovules to mature seeds was 89.3% which compares with the average of 85% found by Wiens for inbreeding annuals. The findings suggest that such high values of ovule survivorship may be characteristics of normally inbreeding species irrespective of whether they are annuals or perennials.