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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 6, 2026

A Telemetric, Gravimetric Platform for Real-Time Physiological Phenotyping of Plant&#8211;Environment Interactions
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Solar tracking response to drought in a desert annual.

I Forseth1, J R Ehleringer1

  • 1Department of Biology, University of Utah, 84112, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.

Oecologia
|March 18, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Drought-stressed Lupinus arizonicus plants maintain solar tracking but cup leaves to reduce water loss. This leaf cupping is a key water-saving adaptation for survival.

Area of Science:

  • Plant physiology
  • Ecology
  • Botanical adaptations

Background:

  • Drought poses a significant challenge to plant survival.
  • Solar tracking is a known plant behavior, but its response under drought is less understood.
  • Lupinus arizonicus is a winter annual plant found in arid regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the drought responses of the solar tracking winter annual Lupinus arizonicus.
  • To determine how water potential affects leaf movement and orientation.
  • To explore the adaptive significance of these responses.

Main Methods:

  • Field and laboratory growth regimes were used.
  • Xylem water potential was measured.
  • Leaf and leaflet movements (cupping) were observed.

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  • Leaf conductance was analyzed in relation to water potential.

    • Main Results:

    • Solar tracking movements continued until the wilting point under drought.
    • Leaves and leaflets exhibited cupping in response to decreased xylem water potential.
    • A linear relationship was found between water potential and the angle of solar incidence on leaves.
    • Leaf conductance was significantly correlated with xylem water potential.

    Conclusions:

    • Leaf and leaflet cupping in Lupinus arizonicus directly respond to plant water status.
    • This cupping behavior reduces solar radiation load on drought-stressed plants.
    • The observed adaptations likely have positive consequences for water relations, energy budget, and carbon balance.