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Related Experiment Videos

Control of cell function by reversible protein phosphorylation.

S Shenolikar1

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Medical School, Houston.

Journal of Cyclic Nucleotide and Protein Phosphorylation Research
|January 1, 1986
PubMed
Summary
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Cellular responses to external signals involve protein kinases and phosphatases. These enzymes regulate cell function through reversible protein phosphorylation, controlling diverse cellular processes.

Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Molecular Signaling
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Cells respond to extracellular stimuli via complex signaling pathways.
  • Protein kinases and phosphatases are key regulators of cellular functions.
  • Second messengers play a crucial role in mediating these responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the role of protein kinases and phosphatases in cellular signal transduction.
  • To understand how second messengers modulate enzyme activity and cellular responses.
  • To explore the regulatory mechanisms controlling cellular function via protein phosphorylation.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of protein kinase and phosphatase involvement in cellular signaling.
  • Investigation of second messenger dynamics and their impact on enzyme activity.

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  • Examination of protein phosphorylation's role in modulating cellular processes.

    • Main Results:

    • Multiple protein kinases and phosphatases mediate cellular responses to extracellular stimuli.
    • Changes in second messenger levels alter protein kinase/phosphatase activity.
    • Reversible protein phosphorylation regulates cell surface receptors, metabolism, protein synthesis, and gene expression.

    Conclusions:

    • Protein phosphorylation is a vital regulatory mechanism controlling cellular function.
    • Interplay between second messenger systems allows for complex, multi-site protein regulation.
    • Coordinated action of kinases and phosphatases ensures diverse yet controlled cellular responses.