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Otorhinolaryngological Toxicities of New Drugs in Oncology

Dana M Hartl1, Daphné Morel2, Erika Saavedra3

  • 1Division of Surgical Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center and Paris-Sud University, Villejuif Cedex, Paris, France. dana.hartl@gustaveroussy.fr.

Advances in Therapy
|March 19, 2017
PubMed

Insights

New cancer drugs, including targeted therapies and immune checkpoint blockers, can cause side effects affecting the ears, nose, and throat. While often mild, these adverse events significantly impact patient quality of life and treatment adherence.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Novel cancer therapies like targeted agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors have distinct toxicity profiles compared to traditional chemotherapy.
  • These newer treatments can lead to adverse effects impacting the head and neck region, specifically the mouth, pharynx, nasal cavities, and larynx.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on ear, nose, and throat (ENT) side effects associated with new cancer drugs.
  • To discuss contemporary management strategies for these adverse events.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current knowledge on ENT side effects of novel anticancer agents.
  • Synthesis of information regarding incidence, severity, and management.

Main Results:

  • Adverse effects on the mouth/pharynx, nasal cavities, larynx, and cochlear-vestibular system are typically low-grade and non-life-threatening.
  • Despite mildness, these symptoms can significantly decrease patients' quality of life and affect drug compliance.
  • Incidence and severity vary by drug, target, and dose, with no known predictive factors for individual toxicity profiles.

Conclusions:

  • ENT adverse effects from novel cancer therapies, though often mild, warrant attention due to their impact on quality of life and treatment adherence.
  • Management guidelines are based on expert opinion, highlighting a need for further research and standardized approaches.
  • Underreporting in literature may stem from non-specific symptoms, mildness, and lack of specific treatments.
Keywords:
MucositisOncologyProtein kinase inhibitorsSmall molecule inhibitors

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