Proton NMR metabolic profiling of CSF reveals distinct differentiation of meningitis from negative controls
Tanushri Chatterji1, Suruchi Singh2, Manodeep Sen3
1Department of Microbiology, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences (RMLIMS), Vibhuti Khand, Gomti Nagar, Lucknow 226010, India; Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Malhaur. Lucknow 226028, India.
Background:
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is an essential bio-fluid of the central nervous system (CNS), playing a vital role in the protection of CNS and performing neuronal function regulation. The chemical composition of CSF varies during onset of meningitis, neurodegenerative disorders (positive controls) and in traumatic cases (negative controls).
Methods:
The study design was broadly categorized into meningitis cases, negative controls and positive controls. Further differentiation among the three groups was carried out using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) followed by supervised Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA).
Results:
The statistical analysis of meningitis vs. negative controls using PLS-DA model resulted in R2 of 0.97 and Q2 of 0.85. There was elevation in the levels of ketone bodies, total free amino acids, glutamine, creatine, citrate and choline containing compounds (choline and GPC) in meningitis cases. Similarly, meningitis vs. positive controls resulted in R2 of 0.80 and Q2 of 0.60 and showed elevation in the levels of total free amino acids, glutamine, creatine/creatinine and citrate in the meningitis group. Four cases of HIV were identified by PLS-DA model as well as by clinical investigations.
Conclusion:
On the basis of metabolic profile it was found that negative control CSF samples are more appropriate for differentiation of meningitis than positive control CSF samples.
