Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

3.8K
Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
3.8K
Hypoxia01:23

Hypoxia

2.4K
Hypoxia is a medical condition characterized by an inadequate oxygen supply to body tissues. It typically manifests as a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucosae, especially in fair-skinned individuals, when hemoglobin (Hb) saturation drops below 75%.
Types of Hypoxia
There are four primary types of hypoxia, each resulting from a different cause:
1. Anemic hypoxia: This type occurs due to insufficient oxygen delivery caused by a lack of red blood cells (RBCs) or RBCs with abnormal or...
2.4K
General Transcription Factors01:30

General Transcription Factors

7.4K
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
7.4K
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway02:26

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway

10.2K
The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The...
10.2K
Hedgehog Signaling Pathway02:33

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

10.3K
The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...
10.3K
Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors01:28

Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors

4.2K
Hematopoietic growth factors are molecules that regulate the differentiation rate of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Erythropoietin (EPO), primarily produced by the kidneys, plays a crucial role in erythrocyte production. When oxygen levels in the blood are low, EPO is released into the bloodstream, reaching the bone marrow, where it stimulates HSCs to differentiate and mature into erythrocytes, which are vital for oxygen transport.
Thrombopoietin (TPO), mainly released by the liver,...
4.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Shining light on CRISPR/Cas9 therapeutics for inherited retinal diseases.

Progress in retinal and eye research·2025
Same author

Inactivation of Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus atrophaeus spores on different surfaces with ultraviolet light produced with a low-pressure mercury vapor lamp or light emitting diodes.

Journal of applied microbiology·2020
Same author

Heparin-protamine balance after neonatal cardiopulmonary bypass surgery.

Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH·2018
Same author

High fractional exhaled nitric oxide and sputum eosinophils are associated with an increased risk of future virus-induced exacerbations: A prospective cohort study.

Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology·2017
Same author

A simple decontamination approach using hydrogen peroxide vapour for Bacillus anthracis spore inactivation.

Journal of applied microbiology·2016
Same author

Whole-building decontamination of Bacillus anthracis Sterne spores by methyl bromide fumigation.

Journal of applied microbiology·2015

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 6, 2026

Co-immunoprecipitation Assay Using Endogenous Nuclear Proteins from Cells Cultured Under Hypoxic Conditions
09:17

Co-immunoprecipitation Assay Using Endogenous Nuclear Proteins from Cells Cultured Under Hypoxic Conditions

Published on: August 2, 2018

18.8K

HIF signalling: The eyes have it.

D J Peet1, T Kittipassorn2, J P Wood3

  • 1School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.

Experimental Cell Research
|March 20, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) regulate gene expression during oxygen deprivation, impacting eye development and diseases like AMD. Understanding HIFs in the eye is crucial for future therapies.

Keywords:
EyeHypoxiaHypoxia inducible factorsIschemiaOxygenRetinaVascular endothelial growth factorVasculature

More Related Videos

Induction and Testing of Hypoxia in Cell Culture
07:01

Induction and Testing of Hypoxia in Cell Culture

Published on: August 12, 2011

86.5K
Mechanism of Regulation of Adipocyte Numbers in Adult Organisms Through Differentiation and Apoptosis Homeostasis
08:34

Mechanism of Regulation of Adipocyte Numbers in Adult Organisms Through Differentiation and Apoptosis Homeostasis

Published on: June 3, 2016

15.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 6, 2026

Co-immunoprecipitation Assay Using Endogenous Nuclear Proteins from Cells Cultured Under Hypoxic Conditions
09:17

Co-immunoprecipitation Assay Using Endogenous Nuclear Proteins from Cells Cultured Under Hypoxic Conditions

Published on: August 2, 2018

18.8K
Induction and Testing of Hypoxia in Cell Culture
07:01

Induction and Testing of Hypoxia in Cell Culture

Published on: August 12, 2011

86.5K
Mechanism of Regulation of Adipocyte Numbers in Adult Organisms Through Differentiation and Apoptosis Homeostasis
08:34

Mechanism of Regulation of Adipocyte Numbers in Adult Organisms Through Differentiation and Apoptosis Homeostasis

Published on: June 3, 2016

15.9K

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are key regulators of gene expression in response to low oxygen.
  • HIFs are critical for physiological processes including angiogenesis and development.
  • The human eye exhibits complex vascularization and oxygenation, particularly in the retina.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of HIFs in normal eye development, focusing on vasculature.
  • To examine the involvement of HIFs in various retinal pathologies.
  • To highlight how HIF characterization advances understanding and therapeutic strategies for eye conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on HIFs in ocular development and disease.
  • Analysis of studies on angiogenesis and oxygen regulation in the eye.
  • Synthesis of research on HIFs in conditions like retinopathy and AMD.

Main Results:

  • HIFs are essential for the normal vascular development of the eye.
  • Dysregulation of HIFs contributes to the pathogenesis of several retinal diseases.
  • Characterization of HIFs provides insights into eye physiology and pathology.

Conclusions:

  • HIFs play a dual role in eye development and disease.
  • Further research into HIFs can lead to novel therapeutic interventions for ocular pathologies.
  • Understanding HIFs is vital for advancing treatments for conditions affecting vision.