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Optimizing the use of a sensor resource for opponent polarization coding.

Francisco J H Heras1, Simon B Laughlin2

  • 1Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Current affiliation:  Champalimaud Neuroscience Programme (CNP), Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisboa, Portugal.

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|March 21, 2017
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Flies optimize skylight polarization coding by adjusting the lengths of R7 and R8 photoreceptors. Optimal division of the central rhabdomere pair (CRP) length balances signal and noise for efficient polarization detection.

Keywords:
Discriminable polarization anglesDorsal rimEfficient designFlyJndPhoton noisePhotoreceptor lengthPolarized lightTransduction unitsVision

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Area of Science:

  • Animal behavior
  • Sensory neuroscience
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Flies detect skylight polarization using R7 and R8 photoreceptors in the dorsal rim area (DRA).
  • These photoreceptors form a tiered waveguide (central rhabdomere pair, CRP), with R7 filtering light for R8.
  • The division of CRP length between R7 and R8 is crucial for polarization coding efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how the allocation of CRP length between R7 and R8 photoreceptors impacts polarization angle coding.
  • To model optical absorption and photon transduction rates to understand signal and noise dynamics.
  • To determine optimal length fractions for maximizing polarization coding ability.

Main Methods:

  • Modeling optical absorption to calculate photon transduction rates in R7 and R8.
  • Correcting transduction rates for saturation effects.
  • Analyzing signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) and coding measures (discriminability, mutual information) in an opponent unit.

Main Results:

  • Optimal R7 and R8 length fractions depend on light intensity, balancing photon and intrinsic noise.
  • At low light, near-equal lengths maximize coding; at high light, R8 fraction of one-third is optimal.
  • Coding ability increases sub-linearly with total rhabdom length, following the law of diminishing returns.

Conclusions:

  • The division of the limited CRP length resource between R7 and R8 can be optimized for polarization coding.
  • Intensity-dependent optimal length fractions are observed across different fly species.
  • Shorter central rhabdoms in the DRA are twice as efficient in polarization coding per unit length compared to longer rhabdoms elsewhere in the eye.