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Related Concept Videos

Lineage Commitment01:21

Lineage Commitment

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Commitment is the  process whereby stem cells:
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Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

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The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
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Hematopoiesis01:21

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The process of blood cell formation is called hematopoiesis. Hematopoiesis starts early during development, on the seventh day of embryogenesis. This phase of hematopoiesis is called the primitive wave, wherein the extraembryonic yolk sac allows the production of erythroid cells and endothelial cells from a common precursor called hemangioblast. The erythroid cells provide oxygen to support the growth of the rapidly dividing embryo. Hemangioblasts later develop into hematopoietic stem cells or...
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Production of Formed Elements01:34

Production of Formed Elements

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Hemangioblasts are multipotent stem cells originating from the mesoderm. They give rise to hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which undergo hematopoiesis to produce all the formed elements of blood. This process is regulated by a complex network of hematopoietic growth factors, including transcription factors, growth factors, and cytokines. These factors stimulate the HSCs to divide and differentiate, though some HSCs remain undifferentiated to maintain a self-renewing pool.
Most HSCs commit to...
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Overview of Hematopoiesis01:20

Overview of Hematopoiesis

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Hematopoiesis, or blood cell production, is a vital biological process that begins early in embryonic development and continues throughout life. This process generates the various types of cells found in blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).
Developmental Phases of Hematopoiesis
Initially, HSCs are formed in the embryonic yolk sac, a critical site for early blood cell production. These stem cells subsequently migrate to other...
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Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

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All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 6, 2026

Phenotypic Analysis and Isolation of Murine Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Lineage-committed Progenitors
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Phenotypic Analysis and Isolation of Murine Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Lineage-committed Progenitors

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Human haematopoietic stem cell lineage commitment is a continuous process.

Lars Velten1, Simon F Haas2,3,4, Simon Raffel2,4,5

  • 1European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Genome Biology Unit, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.

Nature Cell Biology
|March 21, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) differentiate continuously, not through discrete progenitors. This study reveals a new model of blood formation, challenging the traditional hierarchical view and offering insights into hematopoietic malignancies.

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Directed Differentiation of Primitive and Definitive Hematopoietic Progenitors from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
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Simultaneous Assessment of Kinship, Division Number, and Phenotype via Flow Cytometry for Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells
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Simultaneous Assessment of Kinship, Division Number, and Phenotype via Flow Cytometry for Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • The traditional model of blood formation posits a hierarchical differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) through discrete progenitor populations.
  • This model has been primarily based on analyses of predefined, flow-sorted cell populations, potentially limiting a comprehensive understanding of early differentiation dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively map the early differentiation of human HSCs towards lineage commitment using single-cell resolution.
  • To investigate the differentiation dynamics of HSCs during homeostasis and identify alternative models of blood formation.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of flow cytometry, transcriptomic, and functional data at the single-cell level.
  • Quantitative analysis of early human HSC differentiation and lineage commitment.

Main Results:

  • Individual HSCs gradually acquire lineage biases along multiple directions without transitioning through discrete progenitor populations.
  • Unilineage-restricted cells emerge directly from a 'continuum of low-primed undifferentiated hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells' (CLOUD-HSPCs).
  • Combinatorial gene expression modules regulate stemness, early lineage priming, and progression into major hematopoietic branches.

Conclusions:

  • Human hematopoiesis downstream of HSCs exists as a continuous landscape, challenging the established hierarchical model.
  • This continuous model provides a new framework for understanding normal blood formation and the origins of hematopoietic malignancies.