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Precipitation gravimetry is based on converting an analyte into a sparingly soluble precipitate, which is separated by filtration and weighed. An ideal precipitate should be pure, insoluble, of known composition, and easily filtered from the reaction mixture.
In determining nickel by gravimetric analysis, a precipitant of ethanolic dimethylglyoxime is added to a hot nickel salt solution. This is quickly followed by the dropwise addition of dilute ammonia solution until precipitation occurs. A...
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Clean Sampling and Analysis of River and Estuarine Waters for Trace Metal Studies
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Modelling metaldehyde in catchments: a River Thames case-study.

Q Lu1, P G Whitehead, G Bussi

  • 1School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QY, UK. paul.whitehead@ouce.ox.ac.uk.

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|March 22, 2017
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Metaldehyde, a pesticide used to control slugs and snails, contaminates drinking water sources. Excessive application rates in agricultural areas are the primary cause of high metaldehyde concentrations in rivers like the Thames.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Hydrology
  • Agrochemistry

Background:

  • Metaldehyde use in agriculture for slug and snail control poses risks to drinking water quality.
  • Recent years have seen significant metaldehyde contamination in the River Thames catchment, exceeding regulatory standards.
  • Detection of metaldehyde above 0.1 μg l-1 has been widespread in the Thames catchment from 2008-2015.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the sources and transport of metaldehyde in agricultural catchments.
  • To assess the relationship between agricultural application rates and surface water concentrations.
  • To develop a model for simulating metaldehyde contamination and inform control strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a process-based hydro-biogeochemical transport model (INCA-contaminants).
  • Simulated metaldehyde transport from agricultural application sites to the aquatic environment.
  • Analyzed historical monitoring data (2008-2015) for the River Thames catchment.

Main Results:

  • High metaldehyde concentrations in the River Thames are directly linked to excessive agricultural application rates.
  • The INCA-contaminants model successfully simulated metaldehyde transport dynamics.
  • Seasonal application patterns (autumn/winter) correlate with increased surface water concentrations.

Conclusions:

  • Metaldehyde contamination of drinking water is a significant environmental issue driven by agricultural practices.
  • Process-based modeling provides a valuable tool for understanding and managing pesticide transport in catchments.
  • Implementing application control strategies is crucial for mitigating metaldehyde pollution in water resources.