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Intravital Longitudinal Imaging of Vascular Dynamics in the Calvarial Bone Marrow

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Characterization of wavefront errors in mouse cranial bone using second-harmonic generation.

Kayvan Forouhesh Tehrani¹, Peter Kner², Luke J Mortensen³

¹University of Georgia, Regenerative Bioscience Center, Rhodes Center for ADS, Athens, Georgia, United States.

Journal of Biomedical Optics

|March 22, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Adaptive optics can noninvasively improve deep tissue microscopy resolution by correcting optical aberrations in scattering bone. This technique enhances signal-to-noise ratio for clearer imaging beyond traditional depth limits.

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Optics
Microscopy
Biophysics

Background:

Optical aberrations degrade resolution and signal-to-noise ratio in deep tissue microscopy.
Imaging through intact mouse skull is limited to ~150 µm depth with poor resolution due to scattering and refractive index heterogeneity.
Invasive methods like bone thinning or ablation allow deeper imaging but affect tissue biology.

Purpose of the Study:

To characterize optical aberrations in bone for deep tissue microscopy.
To evaluate the impact of these aberrations on imaging resolution and penetration depth.
To propose noninvasive adaptive optics solutions for aberration correction.

Main Methods:

Utilized second-harmonic generation imaging of collagen to identify bone aberrations.
Simulated light propagation through scattering bone to assess aberration effects on the point spread function.
Calculated wavefronts, expanded them using Zernike polynomials, and analyzed corrected vs. residual wavefront errors.

Main Results:

Optical aberrations significantly reduce resolution and signal in deep bone imaging.
Zernike polynomial expansion quantified the strength of various aberrations.
Simulations confirmed the detrimental effect of scattering and refractive index variations.

Conclusions:

Adaptive optics offers a noninvasive approach to restore resolution in deep bone microscopy.
High-element count or multi-conjugate adaptive optics are suggested for effective correction in scattering bone.
This work paves the way for improved noninvasive deep tissue imaging through bone.