Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 5, 2026

Invasive Hemodynamic Monitoring of Aortic and Pulmonary Artery Hemodynamics in a Large Animal Model of ARDS
08:12

Invasive Hemodynamic Monitoring of Aortic and Pulmonary Artery Hemodynamics in a Large Animal Model of ARDS

Published on: November 26, 2018

10.7K

Hemodynamic determinants and ventriculo-arterial coupling are sex-associated in heart failure patients

Peter L Kerkhof, Guy R Heyndrickx, John K-J Li

    Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference
    |March 23, 2017
    PubMed

    Insights

    Heart failure patients show significant sex-associated differences in cardiac function. Women with heart failure have smaller end-systolic volume (ESV) and end-diastolic volume (EDV) but higher ejection fraction (EF) and elastance (Emax).

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Cardiovascular Physiology
    • Medical Imaging

    Background:

    • Left ventricular (LV) function analysis relies on end-systolic volume (ESV) and end-diastolic volume (EDV).
    • Cardiac remodeling studies utilize these parameters, with the volume regulation graph (VRG) aiding analysis.
    • Understanding sex-associated differences in hemodynamic parameters is crucial for heart failure (HF) management.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate sex-associated differences in hemodynamic and LV parameters in heart failure (HF) patients.
    • To analyze the relationship between cardiac and arterial parameters stratified by sex.
    • To determine if distinct clinical evaluations are needed for male and female HF patients.

    Main Methods:

    • Biplane ventriculography and arterial pressure measurements were used in 197 HF patients.
    • Left ventricular (LV) parameters (SV, CO, ESV, EDV, EF, Emax) were calculated.
    • Arterial parameters (Ea, k, Rs, PP, C) were computed and normalized for body surface area where applicable.

    Main Results:

    • Average heart rate, stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), effective arterial elastance (Ea), compliance (C), and peripheral resistance (Rs) were similar between sexes.
    • Women (N=67) exhibited significantly smaller end-systolic volume (ESV) and end-diastolic volume (EDV) (P<0.034 and P<0.016, respectively).
    • Women displayed higher ejection fraction (EF), end-systolic elastance (Emax), mean arterial pressure, pulse pressure (PP), and coupling index (k) (P<0.008 or less).

    Conclusions:

    • Striking sex-associated differences in hemodynamic and LV parameters exist in HF patients.
    • These differences necessitate careful consideration during the clinical evaluation of HF patients.
    • The formulation of distinct cut-off values for male and female HF patients may be warranted for specific HF phenotypes.

    More Related Videos

    Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction09:20

    Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

    Published on: February 13, 2021

    7.1K
    Biventricular Assessment of Cardiac Function and Pressure-Volume Loops by Closed-Chest Catheterization in Mice08:21

    Biventricular Assessment of Cardiac Function and Pressure-Volume Loops by Closed-Chest Catheterization in Mice

    Published on: June 15, 2020

    5.1K

    Related Concept Videos

    Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

    Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

    Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
    1.2K
    Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

    Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

    Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
    4.2K
    Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

    Heart Failure I: Introduction

    Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
    1.1K
    Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System01:26

    Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System

    The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
    1.3K
    Imbalances in Cardiac Output01:26

    Imbalances in Cardiac Output

    The heart's primary function is to pump blood throughout the body, maintaining a balance between blood sent out (cardiac output) and blood returning (venous return). If this balance is disrupted, it can result in congestive heart failure (CHF), a severe condition where the heart becomes an inefficient pump, leading to inadequate blood circulation.
    CHF can occur due to the failure of either side of the heart. Left-side failure leads to pulmonary congestion—the right side continues to send...
    3.3K
    Cardiac Output I:Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output01:19

    Cardiac Output I:Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output

    Cardiac Output
    Cardiac output (CO) refers to the total amount of blood ejected by one of the ventricles in liters per minute (L/min). In a resting adult, CO ranges from 5 to 6 L/min, adjusting according to the body's metabolic requirements.
    Effect of Heart Rate on Cardiac Output
    Cardiac output adapts to metabolic demands during stress, physical activity, or illness. The autonomic nervous system regulates heart rate via the sinoatrial node. The parasympathetic nervous system decreases heart...
    3.1K