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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
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miR-134: A Human Cancer Suppressor?

Jing-Yu Pan1, Feng Zhang1, Cheng-Cao Sun1

  • 1Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 430071 Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China.

Molecular Therapy. Nucleic Acids
|March 23, 2017
PubMed
Summary

MicroRNAs (miRNAs), specifically miR-134, are crucial in various human cancers, influencing tumor growth and drug resistance. Further research into miR-134 mechanisms may improve cancer diagnosis and treatment strategies.

Keywords:
human cancermiR-134microRNA

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs regulating gene expression.
  • Dysregulation of miRNAs is implicated in various human diseases, including cancer.
  • miR-134 has emerged as a significant factor in multiple carcinoma types.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the critical roles of miR-134 in human cancers.
  • To analyze recent investigations on miR-134's involvement in oncogenesis.
  • To highlight miR-134's potential in cancer diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent scientific investigations.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on miR-134 in various human cancers.
  • Examination of miR-134's molecular targets and signaling pathways.

Main Results:

  • miR-134 is dysregulated in numerous cancers, including lung, breast, and colorectal cancers.
  • miR-134 significantly impacts tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance.
  • miR-134 interacts with various targets and pathways like STAT5B, KRAS, and MAPK/ERK.

Conclusions:

  • miR-134 plays a multifaceted role in human carcinogenesis.
  • Understanding miR-134's complex mechanisms is vital for advancing cancer therapy.
  • miR-134 holds promise as a biomarker and therapeutic target in oncology.