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Quantum Locality in Game Strategy.

Carlos A Melo-Luna1,2,3, Cristian E Susa1,2,4, Andrés F Ducuara1,2

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Quantum game theory shows that local quantum correlations, using separable states, outperform classical strategies in bipartite games. This quantum advantage is achieved without entanglement, highlighting the power of quantum coherence.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Game Theory
  • Quantum Physics

Background:

  • Game theory is a mathematical framework with broad applications in social sciences, biology, and economics.
  • Quantum information science has spurred novel game strategies, leading to quantum Nash equilibria.
  • Classical games can be outperformed by quantum strategies involving shared and processed quantum information.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if local quantum correlations in bipartite games can provide an advantage over classical strategies.
  • To determine the role of quantum coherence in achieving quantum advantage.
  • To propose an experiment demonstrating this quantum advantage.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of bipartite non-zero-sum games.
  • Utilizing input local quantum correlations, specifically separable states.
  • Theoretical formulation of quantum strategies versus classical ones.

Main Results:

  • Separable quantum states suffice to achieve an advantage over classical resources in bipartite games.
  • Quantum advantage is demonstrated without requiring quantum nonlocality, entanglement, or discord.
  • Pure quantum coherence is identified as a key resource for powering these quantum protocols.

Conclusions:

  • Local quantum correlations, even from separable states, offer a significant advantage in specific game theory scenarios.
  • Quantum coherence is a crucial element for achieving quantum advantage in information processing protocols.
  • An experimental proposal using separable states and photon interferometry can validate these findings.