Primary cutaneous marginal-zone lymphoma

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Oncology
• Pathology

Background:

• Primary cutaneous B cell lymphomas (PCBCL) are the second most common cutaneous lymphomas.
• Key subtypes include primary cutaneous marginal-zone lymphoma (PCMZL), primary cutaneous follicle-center lymphoma, and primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type.
• PCMZL is characterized by an indolent course and a five-year survival rate nearing 99%.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a case of primary cutaneous marginal-zone lymphoma (PCMZL) in a young Hispanic woman.
• To describe an unusual presentation of PCMZL on the face.

Main Methods:

• Case report of a 33-year-old Hispanic woman.
• Clinical presentation: firm, pruritic, pink papules on the forehead and cheeks.
• Diagnosis of PCMZL confirmed.

Main Results:

• The patient presented with facial papules, an atypical location for PCMZL.
• PCMZL lesions commonly appear as erythematous-to-violaceous papules, plaques, or nodules, typically on the trunk or arms.
• Approximately 50% of patients have solitary skin lesions.

Conclusions:

• Primary cutaneous marginal-zone lymphoma (PCMZL) can present atypically in terms of patient demographics and lesion location.
• Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial for managing PCBCL.
• This case underscores the importance of considering PCMZL in the differential diagnosis of facial papular lesions.