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T Cell Types and Functions

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 5, 2026

A Strategy for the Study of IL-9-Producing Lymphoid Cells in the Nippostrongylus brasiliensis Infection Model

A Strategy for the Study of IL-9-Producing Lymphoid Cells in the Nippostrongylus brasiliensis Infection Model

Published on: March 3, 2023

Interleukin-17: Why the Worms Squirm.

Noah J Silverstein¹, Jun R Huh¹

¹Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology and Program in Innate Immunity, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.

|March 23, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Interleukin-17 (IL-17) primarily known for inflammation, also acts as a neuromodulator in C. elegans. This cytokine directly impacts neurons, amplifying responses and altering behavior.

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Last Updated: Mar 5, 2026

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Published on: March 3, 2023

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A Microfluidic Platform for Longitudinal Imaging in Caenorhabditis elegans

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Published on: May 2, 2018

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Immunology
Molecular Biology

Background:

Interleukin-17 (IL-17) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine.
Its functions beyond immunity are less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of IL-17 in the nervous system.
To explore IL-17's neuromodulatory functions in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Main Methods:

Utilized C. elegans as a model organism.
Investigated the direct effects of IL-17 on neuronal activity.
Observed changes in animal behavior in response to IL-17.

Main Results:

Demonstrated that IL-17 directly acts on neurons.
Showed IL-17 amplifies neuronal responses to stimuli.
Observed significant alterations in C. elegans behavior.

Conclusions:

IL-17 possesses a neuromodulatory role.
IL-17 influences neuronal excitability and behavior.
Highlights a novel function for IL-17 outside of inflammation.