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Acute Thymic Involution and Mechanisms for Recovery.

Abdur Rahman Ansari1,2,3, Huazhen Liu4

  • 1Department of Basic Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, Hubei, China.

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|March 24, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Acute thymic involution (ATI), a thymus shrinkage, can be reversed. This review explores how various factors cause ATI and discusses new therapeutic strategies for its reversal.

Keywords:
AcuteAtrophyMechanistic recoveryThymic involutionThymus

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Acute thymic involution (ATI) is typically viewed as a virulence factor.
  • It is triggered by diverse agents like infections, stress, pregnancy, malnutrition, and chemotherapy.
  • Mechanisms underlying ATI vary significantly based on the causative agent.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current progress in halting or reversing ATI.
  • To discuss the underlying mechanisms of ATI reversal.
  • To explore therapeutic strategies for ATI.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on ATI.
  • Analysis of pathological factors contributing to ATI.
  • Discussion of proposed mechanisms for ATI reversal.

Main Results:

  • ATI involves thymus size reduction and T cell subset depletion.
  • Severe ATI can lead to anatomical disruption, especially with fungal, parasitic, or viral infections.
  • Evidence indicates ATI can be therapeutically halted or reversed.

Conclusions:

  • ATI is a complex process with diverse causes and mechanisms.
  • Emerging evidence supports the therapeutic reversal of ATI.
  • Further research into ATI reversal mechanisms holds therapeutic potential.