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Maternal/neonatal vitamin D deficiency: a new risk factor for necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants?

M Cetinkaya1, T Erener-Ercan2, T Kalayci-Oral1

  • 1Department of Neonatology, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Teaching and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

Journal of Perinatology : Official Journal of the California Perinatal Association
|March 24, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Maternal and neonatal vitamin D deficiency may increase the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm infants. Lower vitamin D levels were observed in infants who developed NEC, highlighting a potential link.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Nutritional Science
  • Pediatric Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious gastrointestinal condition affecting preterm infants.
  • Vitamin D plays a crucial role in immune function and gut health.
  • Low vitamin D levels are common in preterm infants and their mothers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between maternal and neonatal 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OHD) levels and the development of NEC.
  • To determine if vitamin D status is a predictive factor for NEC in preterm neonates.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study involving 145 preterm infants (gestation ≤36 weeks).
  • Maternal and neonatal blood samples collected upon admission to the neonatal intensive care unit.
  • Measurement of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OHD) levels.

Main Results:

  • 26% of enrolled infants developed NEC.
  • Significantly lower maternal and neonatal 25-OHD levels were found in the NEC group compared to the no-NEC group.
  • Univariate analysis showed both maternal and neonatal 25-OHD levels as significant predictors of NEC. Multivariate analysis identified maternal 25-OHD levels as the sole significant predictor.

Conclusions:

  • This study suggests a potential association between maternal vitamin D status and the risk of NEC in preterm infants.
  • Maternal vitamin D deficiency may be a risk factor for NEC development.
  • Further research is warranted to confirm these findings and explore potential interventions.
Abstract

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