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Interference of oral poliovirus vaccine on RIT 4237 oral rotavirus vaccine
G Giammanco1, V De Grandi, L Lupo
1Institute of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Catania, Italy.
Insights
Live attenuated rotavirus vaccine efficacy is reduced when given with live poliovirus vaccine. Further attempts to overcome this interference with rotavirus vaccine (RIT 4237) were unsuccessful in infants.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric infectious diseases
- Vaccinology
- Virology
Background:
- Rotavirus and poliovirus are significant global public health concerns.
- Co-administration of live attenuated vaccines can sometimes lead to interference, impacting immunogenicity.
- Understanding vaccine interactions is crucial for optimizing pediatric immunization schedules.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the immunogenicity of the RIT 4237 live attenuated rotavirus strain.
- To assess the impact of co-administration with live poliovirus vaccine on rotavirus seroconversion.
- To investigate strategies to overcome potential vaccine interference.
Main Methods:
- A vaccination trial involving 86 infants aged 3 months was conducted.
- A subsequent trial with 93 infants explored overcoming interference with dual vaccine doses.
- Seroconversion rates for rotavirus were measured post-vaccination.
Main Results:
- Co-administration of RIT 4237 with live poliovirus vaccine significantly reduced rotavirus seroconversion rates.
- Administering two doses of the combined vaccines did not overcome the observed poliovirus interference.
- The RIT 4237 rotavirus strain did not interfere with the immunogenicity of live attenuated polioviruses.
Conclusions:
- Live poliovirus vaccine interferes with the immunogenicity of the RIT 4237 live attenuated rotavirus vaccine.
- Current strategies of dual dosing are ineffective in mitigating this interference.
- Further research is needed to optimize rotavirus vaccine administration in the context of poliovirus vaccination.
Abstract:
A vaccination trial, performed on 86 3-month-old infants, has shown that the ability of the RIT 4237 live attenuated rotavirus strain to induce seroconversion is dramatically reduced when administered with live poliovirus vaccine. In a subsequent trial performed on 93 infants the attempt to overcome the poliovirus interference by administering two doses of associated vaccines was unsuccessful. No interference by the RIT 4237 strain on live attenuated polioviruses was observed.