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Prospects and progress of atezolizumab in non-small cell lung cancer

Johan Vansteenkiste1, Els Wauters1, Keunchil Park2

  • 1a Respiratory Oncology Unit, Department of Respiratory Medicine , University Hospitals KU Leuven , Leuven , Belgium.

Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy
|March 25, 2017
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Atezolizumab, a programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor, shows promise in treating non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Clinical trials indicate a favorable risk-benefit profile compared to chemotherapy, particularly in second-line treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunotherapy
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Immunotherapy is revolutionizing cancer treatment by reactivating the body's immune response against tumors.
  • Atezolizumab targets programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), a crucial component of the cancer-immunity cycle, by blocking its interaction with PD-1 and B7.1 receptors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • This review examines the efficacy and safety of atezolizumab in treating non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
  • It synthesizes data from key clinical trials and discusses ongoing research and future directions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of Phase II (FIR, BIRCH) and randomized Phase III (POPLAR, OAK) clinical trials evaluating atezolizumab in NSCLC.
  • Analysis of data based on PD-L1 expression, line of therapy, and comparison with docetaxel.
  • Discussion of treatment-related adverse events and ongoing studies.

Main Results:

  • Atezolizumab monotherapy demonstrated promising efficacy in NSCLC, particularly in PD-L1 selected patients across different treatment lines.
  • The POPLAR and OAK trials showed improved efficacy for atezolizumab compared to docetaxel in previously treated NSCLC.
  • Favorable risk-benefit ratio established for atezolizumab versus chemotherapy in second-line treatment of advanced NSCLC.

Conclusions:

  • Atezolizumab presents a favorable risk-benefit profile for second-line treatment of advanced non-oncogene-driven NSCLC.
  • Promising first-line efficacy and survival data warrant further investigation, especially in combination therapies for NSCLC.
Keywords:
AtezolizumabNSCLCPD-L1checkpoint inhibitorsimmunotherapy

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