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Multivitamin/mineral supplements: Rationale and safety
1Institute of Biological Chemistry and Nutrition, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.
Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.)
|March 25, 2017
Summary
Long-term use of multivitamin/mineral supplements (MVMs) is safe for most adults. Studies show MVMs do not increase mortality or cause significant adverse events when taken within recommended dietary allowances.
Area of Science:
- Nutritional Science
- Public Health
Background:
- Multivitamin/mineral supplements (MVMs) are widely consumed globally.
- MVMs, with iron and folic acid, are recommended during pregnancy to improve birth outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the safety of long-term multivitamin/mineral supplement use.
- To assess potential adverse effects associated with MVM consumption.
Main Methods:
- Literature search for randomized controlled studies on MVMs.
- Included studies involved at least nine vitamins and three minerals up to 100% RDA.
- Focused on studies in pregnant women, healthy adults, and the elderly.
Main Results:
- Only minor, unspecific gastrointestinal symptoms were reported.
- No significant differences in adverse events between MVM and placebo groups.
- MVM use within DRI range does not lead to excess intake or increased mortality.
Conclusions:
- Multivitamin/mineral supplements are generally safe for long-term use (>10 years).
- MVMs do not increase mortality risk when consumed within recommended intake levels.
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