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Related Concept Videos

Infection01:20

Infection

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When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
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Migration00:53

Migration

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Migration is long-range, seasonal movement from one region or habitat to another. This common strategy, carried out by many different organisms around the world, is an adaptive response that typically corresponds to changes in an organism’s environment, like resource availability or climate. Migrations can involve huge groups of thousands of animals as well as single individuals traveling alone and can range from thousands of kilometers to just a few hundred meters.
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Viral Recombination00:57

Viral Recombination

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Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
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Intracellular Movement of Viruses and Bacteria01:10

Intracellular Movement of Viruses and Bacteria

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Intracellular bacteria and viruses often comprise a group of highly infectious pathogens that can cause several diseases. Bacterial pathogens include those belonging to the genus Rickettsia responsible for conditions such as rocky mountain spotted fever and the Mediterranean spotted fever; Chlamydia, a genus responsible for a sexually transmitted disease; Coxiella burnetii, an agent responsible for Q fever. Viral pathogens include vaccinia—a poxvirus, and herpes simplex virus—a...
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Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

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The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
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Fungal Phylum Microsporidia01:28

Fungal Phylum Microsporidia

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Microsporidia are a group of obligate intracellular fungi that were initially classified as protists but were later reclassified based on phylogenetic, molecular, and structural evidence linking them to the Chytridiomycota. These unicellular, non-motile organisms are highly specialized parasites that infect a wide range of animal hosts, including humans. They have evolved extensive genomic and metabolic reductions, making them highly dependent on their hosts for survival.Morphology and Genomic...
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An Experimental Model to Study Tuberculosis-Malaria Coinfection upon Natural Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Plasmodium berghei
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Migration and infectious diseases.

F Castelli1, G Sulis2

  • 1University Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, University of Brescia and Spedali Civili General Hospital, Brescia, Italy; UNESCO Chair 'Training and empowering human resources for health development in resource-limited countries', University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.

Clinical Microbiology and Infection : the Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases
|March 25, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Infectious disease risks for migrants vary across migration stages. Tailored screening and healthcare access are vital for migrant health and preventing spread, even with low overall impact on European epidemiology.

Keywords:
Asylum seekersHuman immunodeficiency virusImmunization coverageMigrantsRefugeesScreeningSyndromic approachTuberculosisViral hepatitis

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Migration Health

Background:

  • Infectious diseases significantly impact foreign-born individuals' health.
  • Rising migration to Europe raises concerns about disease management and risks to native populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine health implications and challenges across the four migration phases.
  • To provide insights from first arrival to stable resettlement.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature.
  • Analysis of relevant statistical reports.

Main Results:

  • Syndromic screening for conditions like tuberculosis is crucial upon arrival.
  • Reception centers can foster outbreaks due to crowding and incomplete vaccination.
  • Chronic infections (HIV, hepatitis, TB) prevalence in resettled migrants mirrors origin country patterns, exacerbated by poor living conditions.
  • Migrants traveling home without pre-travel advice face high risks of malaria and other infections.

Conclusions:

  • Screening programs must adapt to migration stages to understand trends and prioritize actions.
  • Accessible healthcare, irrespective of legal status, is essential for improving migrant health and preventing contagious disease spread.
  • While overall impact on European epidemiology is low, targeted interventions are necessary.