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Electrospray Ionization (ESI) Mass Spectrometry01:12

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Higher molecular weight biomolecules are nonvolatile compounds that may decompose before ionizing or vaporizing during mass analysis with conventional electron impact ionization methods. Accordingly, electrospray ionization (ESI) is the favored method for vaporizing and ionizing biomolecules as it circumvents rapid fragmentation and enables the recording of mass signals for the entire biomolecule.
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Mass spectrometry is an analytical technique used to determine the molecular mass and molecular formula of a compound. The basic principle of mass spectrometry is to generate ions from the analyte molecule and measure these ion abundances against their molecular mass. One common type of ionization, known as electron ionization or EI, bombards the analyte molecules in the gas phase with high-energy electron beams. The electron beams displace an electron from the molecule and leave behind a...
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An unknown compound can be established by identifying the molecular ion peak in the mass spectrum. The molecular ion peak is often weak or absent due to the predominance of fragmentation in high-energy electron beams. In such cases, a soft-energy electron beam can be used to scan the spectrum to enhance the intensity of the molecular ion peak. Additionally, chemical ionization, field ionization, and desorption ionization spectra are used to obtain a relatively intense molecular ion peak.To...
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Mass spectrometry is a powerful characterization technique that can identify and separate a wide variety of compounds ranging from chemical to biological entities, based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The instruments that allow this detection, known as mass spectrometers, have three components: an ion source, a mass analyzer, and a detector. These spectrometers differ based on the nature of their ion source and analyzers.Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a commonly...
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Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and reduce chemical noise during analyte detection. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called...
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Imaging of Biological Tissues by Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry
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Desorption in Mass Spectrometry.

Dilshadbek Tursunbayevich Usmanov1, Satoshi Ninomiya2, Lee Chuin Chen2

  • 1Clean Energy Research Center, University of Yamanashi; Institute of Ion-Plasma and Laser Technologies.

Mass Spectrometry (Tokyo, Japan)
|March 25, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study details novel desorption techniques for mass spectrometry, focusing on surface phenomena to gasify condensed samples. These methods enhance the analysis of less-volatile compounds, improving mass spectrometry applications.

Keywords:
Leidenfrost phenomenonablationdesorptionelectrospray droplet impact ionizationflash heatingprobe electrospray ionizationthermal desorption

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Surface Science
  • Spectrometry

Background:

  • Mass spectrometry requires analytes to be in the gas phase.
  • Gasification of condensed samples is typically achieved via ablation or desorption.
  • Ablation relies on matrix explosion, while desorption involves surface molecular processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe various desorption methods for mass spectrometry developed in our laboratory.
  • To discuss the underlying surface and interface phenomena involved in these desorption techniques.
  • To explore strategies for desorbing less-volatile compounds.

Main Methods:

  • Flash heating/rapid cooling
  • Leidenfrost phenomenon-assisted thermal desorption (LPTD)
  • Solid/solid friction and liquid/solid friction desorption
  • Electrospray droplet impact (EDI) ionization/desorption
  • Probe electrospray ionization (PESI)

Main Results:

  • All presented methods are based on surface and interface phenomena.
  • The techniques facilitate the transition of condensed analytes into the gas phase.
  • The study provides insights into desorbing low-volatility substances.

Conclusions:

  • Desorption methods offer a versatile approach to analyte gasification in mass spectrometry.
  • Understanding surface phenomena is crucial for developing effective desorption techniques.
  • The discussed methods advance the capability to analyze challenging, less-volatile samples.