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Related Concept Videos

Toxicity Testing in Animals01:23

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Toxicity tests in animals are grounded on two main assumptions: first, the effects observed in laboratory animals can be extrapolated to humans, especially when adjusted for body surface area; second, high-dose exposure in animals is essential to identify potential human hazards from lower doses. This is based on the quantal dose-response concept, which faces the challenge of extrapolating results from relatively few test animals to much larger human populations. For example, a 0.01% incidence...
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The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
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Updated: Mar 5, 2026

A Microplate Assay to Assess Chemical Effects on RBL-2H3 Mast Cell Degranulation: Effects of Triclosan without Use of an Organic Solvent
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Is Triclosan a neurotoxic agent?

Joanna A Ruszkiewicz1, Shaojun Li2, Maliya B Rodriguez1

  • 1a Department of Molecular Pharmacology , Albert Einstein College of Medicine , Bronx , NY , United States.

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part B, Critical Reviews
|March 25, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Triclosan (TCS), an antibacterial agent, is widespread in the environment and aquatic life. This review examines its potential neurotoxicity and other adverse effects in humans, especially with long-term, low-dose exposure.

Keywords:
Triclosanbraincentral nervous systemneurotoxicity

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Toxicology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Triclosan (TCS) is a widely used antibacterial agent found ubiquitously in the environment.
  • While toxic to aquatic species, its long-term effects on mammals, particularly humans, are not fully understood.
  • Concerns about TCS safety have increased due to its presence in human tissues and recent FDA actions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current findings on the neurotoxic effects of Triclosan (TCS).
  • To explore other TCS effects that may impact neuronal functions due to limited neurotoxicity data.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on Triclosan (TCS) toxicity.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data correlating TCS levels with human exposure.
  • Discussion of potential mechanisms of TCS-mediated toxicity.

Main Results:

  • TCS exposure is linked to hormone dyshomeostasis, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation.
  • Epidemiological studies show a correlation between human TCS levels and product usage.
  • Data gaps exist regarding the long-term, low-concentration exposure effects in humans, especially on the central nervous system (CNS).

Conclusions:

  • Triclosan (TCS) poses potential risks beyond its known toxicity to aquatic life.
  • Further research is crucial to understand the neurotoxic potential and overall safety of TCS in humans.
  • The review highlights the need for comprehensive studies on TCS effects, particularly concerning early development and the CNS.