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A Murine Model of Fetal Exposure to Maternal Inflammation to Study the Effects of Acute Chorioamnionitis on Newborn Intestinal Development
Published on: June 24, 2020
Early-life origin of intestinal inflammatory disorders
Delphine Ley1, Jean-Luc Desseyn1, Mona Mischke2
1Lille Inflammation Research International Center (LIRIC) - UMR 995 Inserm, University Lille, CHU Lille, Lille, France.
Insights
Perinatal programming influences infant development and future disease risk. Early life factors like diet and delivery mode impact chronic intestinal disorders, mediated by gut microbiota and epigenetic changes.
Area of Science:
- Developmental biology
- Gastroenterology
- Immunology
Background:
- Perinatal programming links early environment to later disease risk.
- Growing evidence implicates early life factors in chronic intestinal disorders.
- Epidemiological studies suggest links between perinatal factors and inflammatory bowel disease/celiac disease.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the role of the perinatal environment in programming susceptibility to chronic intestinal disorders.
- To investigate the mechanisms underlying perinatal programming of intestinal inflammation.
- To synthesize current evidence on perinatal factors influencing long-term gut health.
Main Methods:
- Review of epidemiological studies on perinatal factors and intestinal diseases.
- Analysis of animal models investigating early-life gut development.
- Examination of emerging mechanisms including microbiota and epigenetics.
Main Results:
- Perinatal factors (breastfeeding, C-section, antibiotics) are associated with increased risk of inflammatory bowel disease and celiac disease.
- Early-life environment impacts gastrointestinal tract development in animal models.
- Gut microbiota alterations and epigenetic changes are key mediators.
Conclusions:
- The perinatal environment plays a crucial role in programming long-term susceptibility to chronic intestinal disorders.
- Understanding these programming effects is vital for preventing and managing gut diseases.
- Further research is needed to confirm long-term effects and elucidate mechanisms.
Abstract:
A growing body of evidence supports the concept of perinatal programming through which the perinatal environment affects the development of the fetus and infant, thereby modifying the risk profile for disease later in life. Increasing attention is focusing on the role of the early environment in the development of chronic intestinal disorders. Epidemiological studies have highlighted the link between perinatal factors, such as breastfeeding, cesarean delivery, and antibiotic use, and an increased risk for inflammatory bowel disease and/or celiac disease. These links are consistent with the concept of perinatal programming of intestinal inflammatory disorders. Animal models have shown that the early-life environment affects the development of the gastrointestinal tract, but further experimental studies are needed to confirm the long-term effects of the perinatal environment on susceptibility to chronic intestinal disorders later in life. Changes in the development and composition of the intestinal microbiota as well as epigenetic changes are emerging as key mechanisms through which the perinatal environment determines susceptibility to intestinal inflammatory disorders.
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