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Tissue Transplantation01:24

Tissue Transplantation

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Tissue transplantation is a significant medical procedure involving the transfer of cells, tissues, or organs from a donor to a recipient, with the primary aim of restoring lost functions. This procedure is crucial in treating a broad spectrum of diseases, including kidney diseases, liver failure, heart disease, and certain types of cancers.
The Biology of Tissue Transplantation
The biology of tissue transplantation hinges on the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules. These molecules...
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Microsurgical Tissue Transfer in Breast Reconstruction.

Nakul Gamanlal Patel1, Venkat Ramakrishnan2

  • 1Department of Plastic Surgery & Burns, The Royal Infirmary Hospital, University Hospitals of Leicester, Infirmary Square, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK.

Clinics in Plastic Surgery
|March 26, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Autologous breast reconstruction using microsurgical flaps offers durable, aesthetic results and symmetry. Refined flap techniques, including deep inferior epigastric, transverse upper gracilis, and lumbar artery perforator flaps, meet rising patient expectations for optimal outcomes.

Keywords:
Breast reconstructionDeep inferior epigastric flap (DIEP) flapInferior gluteal artery perforator (IGAP) flapProfunda artery perforator (PAP) flapSuperior gluteal artery perforator (SGAP) flapTransverse upper gracilis (TUG) flap

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Area of Science:

  • Microsurgery
  • Plastic Surgery
  • Oncologic Reconstruction

Background:

  • Autologous breast reconstruction is increasingly popular due to its durability, aesthetic results, and symmetry.
  • Advancements in flap techniques aim to meet patient expectations for predictable outcomes with fewer complications.
  • The use of external beam radiotherapy also influences reconstruction choices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the refinement of microsurgical techniques for autologous breast reconstruction.
  • To highlight the efficiency and outcomes achieved at a dedicated microsurgical breast reconstruction center.

Main Methods:

  • Review of microsurgical breast reconstruction cases.
  • Analysis of flap types used, including deep inferior epigastric (DIEP) flaps, transverse upper gracilis (TUG) flaps, and profunda artery perforator (PAP) flaps.
  • Introduction of lumbar artery perforator (LAP) flaps as a novel option.

Main Results:

  • Deep inferior epigastric flaps constitute the majority (85%) of reconstructions.
  • Transverse upper gracilis and profunda artery perforator flaps account for 10% of cases.
  • Lumbar artery perforator flaps represent a new addition to the reconstructive armamentarium.

Conclusions:

  • Microsurgical breast reconstruction techniques continue to evolve, offering improved aesthetic and functional outcomes.
  • The described flap variations provide surgeons with diverse options to meet patient-specific needs.
  • The center's approach focuses on efficient service delivery alongside high-quality reconstructive results.