Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 5, 2026
05:10
Multidisciplinary Approach to Obesity Management: A Case Report
Published on: May 30, 2025
1.4K
A Systematic Review of Obesity Disparities Research
Charlotte A Pratt1, Catherine M Loria1, Sonia S Arteaga1
1NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
American Journal of Preventive Medicine
|March 26, 2017
Summary
Obesity disparities research needs longer, community-wide interventions. Current trials are short-term and individually focused, showing limited impact on body mass index (BMI).
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Clinical Research
- Health Disparities
Background:
- Obesity disparities research requires updated literature reviews to identify research gaps.
- Focus on populations with high obesity prevalence and cardiometabolic risk is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review interventions addressing obesity disparities.
- To identify gaps and guide future research in obesity disparities.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of clinical trials (2011-2016) from PubMed/MEDLINE.
- Excluded non-BMI/weight outcome studies, foreign trials, secondary analyses, and reviews.
- Supplemented with National, Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) grant data.
Main Results:
- 49 trials focused on individual, short-term behavioral modifications in single settings.
- Meta-analysis of 13 adult trials showed a pooled BMI reduction of -1.31 (p=0.0012).
- Only 19% of ongoing NHLBI obesity grants were clinical trials.
Conclusions:
- Future obesity disparities research should be long-term and population-focused.
- Multilevel, policy, environmental, and community-wide interventions are recommended.
- Emphasis on cardiovascular-related disparities research is needed.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:24Obesity
1.5K
The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
1.5K
01:29Bias in Epidemiological Studies
1.5K
Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:
1.5K
01:25Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution
331
Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...
331
01:20Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion
259
Drug metabolism, a critical process in the liver, involves two primary phases: Phase I reactions and Phase II conjugation. Obesity introduces significant alterations in this metabolic process, primarily due to fatty infiltration of the liver, leading to conditions such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This condition can modify the activities of both Phase I and II enzymes, impacting how drugs are metabolized in obese patients.Phase I metabolism sees variable effects across...
259
01:21Drug Dosing: Obese Patients
320
In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...
320
01:25Strategies for Assessing and Addressing Confounding
500
Confounding is a critical issue in epidemiological studies, often leading to misleading conclusions about associations between exposures and outcomes. It occurs when the relationship between the exposure and the outcome is mixed with the effects of other factors that influence the outcome. Given that, addressing confounding is of high importance for drawing accurate inferences in research.
Confounding can be addressed at both the design phase of a study and through analytical methods after data...
Confounding can be addressed at both the design phase of a study and through analytical methods after data...
500