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Epstein-Barr virus--associated lymphoproliferative lesions.

D S Harrington1, D D Weisenburger, D T Purtilo

  • 1Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha.

Clinics in Laboratory Medicine
|March 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) establishes a lifelong, symbiotic infection in humans. Immune system alterations can lead to EBV-associated lymphoproliferations and diseases like Burkitt

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Human Pathology

Background:

  • Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) establishes a lifelong, persistent infection in humans, typically in a symbiotic state.
  • EBV replicates in the oropharynx and infects B-lymphocytes, but a healthy immune system controls its proliferative potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the natural history of EBV infection and its association with various disease states.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which EBV contributes to lymphoproliferative disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on EBV natural history and associated diseases.
  • Analysis of diagnostic methods for EBV-related conditions, including serology and genetic analysis.

Main Results:

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  • EBV-associated diseases arise when the immune system is compromised by factors like infections, immunosuppression, or cancer.
  • Localized lymphoproliferations, sometimes resembling non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, can occur and may regress with immune restoration.
  • Cytogenetic translocations, particularly involving chromosome 8, are implicated in the progression of EBV-driven lymphoproliferations to conditions like Burkitt's lymphoma.

Conclusions:

  • EBV infection is lifelong and typically controlled by the immune system.
  • Immune dysfunction is a critical factor in the development of EBV-associated pathologies.
  • Accurate diagnosis relies on a combination of serology, clinical examination, and advanced molecular techniques.