Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cluster Sampling Method01:20

Cluster Sampling Method

15.3K
Appropriate sampling methods ensure that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
To choose a cluster sample, divide the population into clusters (groups) and then randomly select some of the clusters. All the members from these clusters are in the cluster sample. For example, if you randomly sample four departments from your...
15.3K
Tip-of-the-Tongue Phenomenon01:10

Tip-of-the-Tongue Phenomenon

566
The tip-of-the-tongue (TOT) phenomenon is a cognitive experience characterized by a temporary inability to retrieve specific information from memory despite having a strong feeling of knowing the information. Although individuals cannot access the target word or detail, they frequently recall related elements, such as its initial letter, syllable count, or context. This partial retrieval often causes frustration, as one might recognize a familiar face or know that a name starts with a specific...
566
Components of Language01:24

Components of Language

871
Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
871
Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory01:22

Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory

672
Improving short-term memory can be achieved through techniques like chunking and rehearsal. Chunking involves organizing information into larger, more manageable units. This technique is particularly useful for information that exceeds the typical memory span of between five and nine items. For instance, logging into an online account with a password like "ta89vq0179gz" involves grouping letters and numbers into three chunks—ta89, vq01, and 79gz. It makes large amounts of...
672
Structural Classification of Joints01:20

Structural Classification of Joints

8.0K
Joints, also known as articulations, are classified based on their structural characteristics, i.e., based on whether the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones are directly connected by fibrous connective tissue or cartilage, or whether the articulating surfaces contact each other within a fluid-filled joint cavity. These differences serve to divide the joints of the body into three structural classifications.
A fibrous joint is where the adjacent bones are united by fibrous connective...
8.0K
Chunking01:12

Chunking

474
Chunking is a powerful cognitive technique that improves short-term memory retention by organizing information into smaller, more manageable units. The brain, limited by working memory capacity, can more easily process and store information when it is divided into "chunks" rather than presented as discrete, unrelated elements. Chunking is especially useful when dealing with large amounts of information, such as numerical sequences, words, or complex ideas.
The principle behind chunking...
474

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

You can't fight in here! This is BBS!

The Behavioral and brain sciences·2026
Same author

Children use algorithm induction to discover patterns in data.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Dependency syntax as the simplest theory of grammar.

Trends in cognitive sciences·2026
Same author

A Suite of LMs Comprehend Puzzle Statements as Well or Better Than Humans.

Open mind : discoveries in cognitive science·2026
Same author

A geometric foundation for word meaning in the brain.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

No Evidence for Agent-Patient Role Attribution in Human Infants, Human Adults, and Guinea Baboons (Papio papio).

Cognitive science·2026
Same journal

Evidence for abstract spatial concept learning in young animals.

Cognition·2026
Same journal

Blurred lines or clear boundaries? Synchrony and social dominance shape domain-specific self-other processing.

Cognition·2026
Same journal

Knowability predicts curiosity and learning.

Cognition·2026
Same journal

Throwing good effort after bad: Evidence for a sunk-cost effect in cognitive effort-based decision-making.

Cognition·2026
Same journal

Cross-linguistic differences in incremental planning under uncertainty.

Cognition·2026
Same journal

Sensory attenuation scales with the strength of action-outcome coupling: A psychophysical study.

Cognition·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 5, 2026

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Impact of Emotional Prosodies on Voice Recognition and Perception
05:48

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Impact of Emotional Prosodies on Voice Recognition and Perception

Published on: August 9, 2024

2.1K

Words cluster phonetically beyond phonotactic regularities.

Isabelle Dautriche1, Kyle Mahowald2, Edward Gibson2

  • 1Laboratoire de Sciences Cognitives et Psycholinguistique (ENS, CNRS, EHESS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Paris, France; School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.

Cognition
|March 26, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The study found that wordforms in lexicons are clumpier than expected, suggesting a drive for regularity over distinctness. This challenges the idea that languages prioritize phonological dispersion to avoid confusion.

Keywords:
CommunicationLexical designLinguisticsPhonotactics

More Related Videos

Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody
09:09

Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody

Published on: September 27, 2024

943
Large-scale Reconstructions and Independent, Unbiased Clustering Based on Morphological Metrics to Classify Neurons in Selective Populations
12:27

Large-scale Reconstructions and Independent, Unbiased Clustering Based on Morphological Metrics to Classify Neurons in Selective Populations

Published on: February 15, 2017

7.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 5, 2026

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Impact of Emotional Prosodies on Voice Recognition and Perception
05:48

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Impact of Emotional Prosodies on Voice Recognition and Perception

Published on: August 9, 2024

2.1K
Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody
09:09

Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody

Published on: September 27, 2024

943
Large-scale Reconstructions and Independent, Unbiased Clustering Based on Morphological Metrics to Classify Neurons in Selective Populations
12:27

Large-scale Reconstructions and Independent, Unbiased Clustering Based on Morphological Metrics to Classify Neurons in Selective Populations

Published on: February 15, 2017

7.4K

Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Computational Linguistics
  • Phonology

Background:

  • Cognitive pressures in language acquisition and use may shape lexicon organization.
  • Two competing pressures exist: dispersion (maximizing phonological distance) and clumpiness (promoting regularity for learnability).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate wordform similarity in the lexicon, examining evidence for dispersion versus clumpiness.
  • To compare lexicons against phonotactically-controlled baselines to establish a null hypothesis.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized measures of word distance, such as phonological neighborhood density.
  • Developed a novel method for comparing lexicons to phonotactically-controlled null models.
  • Analyzed data from four languages: Dutch, English, German, and French.

Main Results:

  • Monomorphemic wordforms exhibit greater clumpiness than predicted by chance models across various measures.
  • Results were consistent across measures including minimal pairs, average Levenshtein distance, and network properties.
  • The observed clumpiness was present in Dutch, English, German, and French.

Conclusions:

  • The lexicon demonstrates a fundamental drive for regularity, favoring clumpiness.
  • This drive for regularity appears to outweigh the pressure for phonological distinctness.
  • Findings suggest a complex interplay between learnability and perceptual distinctness in wordform organization.