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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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[Senegalese experience with acute viral conjunctivitis].

A S Sow1, H Kane1, A M Ka2

  • 1Hôpital Aristide-Le-Dantec, BP 3001, avenue Pasteur, Dakar, Sénégal.

Journal Francais D'Ophtalmologie
|March 27, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Acute viral conjunctivitis, caused by enterovirus and adenovirus, is contagious and spreads easily. Early virological testing, especially within the first week of symptoms, significantly improves detection rates for this common eye infection.

Keywords:
Conjonctivites viralesExpérience sénégalaiseSenegalese experienceViral conjunctivitis

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Virology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Viral conjunctivitis is a common and contagious eye infection.
  • Enteroviruses and adenoviruses are primary etiological agents.
  • Understanding epidemiological and clinical patterns is crucial for control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of acute enteroviral and adenoviral conjunctivitis.
  • To identify the prevalence and causative agents of viral conjunctivitis in Senegal.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study conducted from January 1st to October 31st, 2015.
  • Inclusion criteria: patients with painful red eye, secretions, and <4 weeks duration.
  • Virological testing performed on 51 identified patients.

Main Results:

  • The mean patient age was 32 years, with a 1:1 sex ratio.
  • 61% of patients resided in populous districts, and 59% reported community viral outbreaks.
  • Virological testing confirmed viral infection in 68.7% of cases, with >90% positivity for samples from the first week of symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • Enterovirus and adenovirus are the main causes of endemic viral conjunctivitis in Senegal.
  • The condition is highly contagious, facilitated by close contact.
  • Enhanced epidemiological surveillance is necessary to curb the spread of viral conjunctivitis.