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EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF ORAL KETAMINE PREMEDICATION IN CHILDREN UNDERGOING DAY CASE SURGERY

O O Oyedepo1, A A Nasir2, L O Abdur-Rahman2

  • 1Department of Anaesthesia, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.

Journal of the West African College of Surgeons
|March 28, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Oral ketamine is a safe and effective premedication for children undergoing ambulatory surgery, reducing anxiety and improving cooperation without side effects. This practice is uncommon in Nigeria but shows significant benefits for pediatric patients.

Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Oral premedication is infrequently used for pediatric patients in Nigeria, leading to distress for children and parents.
  • Anxiety and psychological distress are common in children undergoing surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral ketamine as a premedication in children undergoing ambulatory surgeries.
  • To assess the impact of oral ketamine on sedation, anxiolysis, and behavior during anesthetic induction.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involving 73 children (1-6 years, ASA I-II) randomly assigned to receive oral ketamine (5 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg) or no premedication.
  • Observations included acceptance of premedication, sedation, anxiolysis, behavior during separation, intravenous access, mask acceptance, and post-anesthetic recovery.

Main Results:

  • Oral ketamine was well-tolerated in both dosage groups.
  • Adequate sedation and anxiolysis were achieved in 52-84% (5 mg/kg) and 68-88% (10 mg/kg) of children.
  • The 10 mg/kg dose showed superior results in satisfactory behavior at separation (82.6%) and mask acceptance (64%) compared to other groups. No adverse effects were reported.

Conclusions:

  • Oral ketamine is an acceptable and safe premedication option for pediatric patients.
  • It effectively provides sedation, reduces anxiety, and improves cooperation during anesthetic procedures.
  • The study supports the use of oral ketamine for pediatric premedication, especially in settings where it is uncommon.
Abstract

Keywords:
ChildrenDay Case SurgeryOral KetaminePremedicationSafe and efficacious

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