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Related Concept Videos

Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

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The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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Muscles that Move the Leg01:23

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The movement of the legs is facilitated by numerous muscles located within the anterior, medial, and posterior compartments of the thigh.
Anterior Compartment
The quadriceps femoris, the most visible muscle of the anterior compartment, is integral for leg extension and thigh flexion. It is formed by merging four distinct muscles — the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius, and rectus femoris. The quadriceps tendon, a shared tendon of the four quadriceps muscles, is affixed...
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula01:10

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The tibia is the main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg. It is larger than the fibula with which it is paired. The tibia is also the second longest bone in the body and is located right below the skin. The proximal end of the tibia forms the medial and the lateral condyle, which articulates with the condyles of the femur to form the knee joint. Between the articulating surfaces is the irregular elevated area known as the intercondylar eminence that serves as the inferior attachment point for...
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Ankle Joint01:10

Ankle Joint

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The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
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Destabilization of the Medial Meniscus and Cartilage Scratch Murine Model of Accelerated Osteoarthritis
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Destabilization of the Medial Meniscus and Cartilage Scratch Murine Model of Accelerated Osteoarthritis

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Knee Menisci.

James Kevin Bryceland1, Andrew John Powell1, Thomas Nunn2

  • 11 Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK.

Cartilage
|March 28, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Knee meniscus tears are common orthopedic injuries. Repair is preferred over removal to prevent osteoarthritis, but irreparable tears may benefit from meniscal replacement, though further research is needed.

Keywords:
diagnosisjoint involvedkneemeniscal injurymeniscustissue

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Sports Medicine

Background:

  • The menisci are crucial knee structures, vital for load transmission, joint stability, and lubrication.
  • Meniscal tears are the most frequent intra-articular knee injuries in the UK, often requiring orthopedic intervention.
  • Meniscectomy increases osteoarthritis risk, making meniscus repair the preferred treatment strategy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current management strategies for meniscal tears.
  • To highlight the challenges posed by irreparable meniscal tears.
  • To explore the potential of meniscal replacement as a viable treatment option.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of meniscal tear epidemiology, biomechanics, and treatment outcomes.
  • Analysis of factors influencing treatment decisions, including tear location and pattern.
  • Evaluation of recent advancements in meniscal repair and replacement techniques.

Main Results:

  • Meniscal tears are a leading cause of knee injury and orthopedic surgery.
  • Tear location and pattern dictate management, with repair being superior to meniscectomy for osteoarthritis prevention.
  • Partial or complete meniscectomy is necessary for irreparable tears, but meniscal replacement shows promise.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of meniscal tears balances tear characteristics with the need to preserve knee function and prevent osteoarthritis.
  • While meniscal repair is ideal, meniscal replacement is an emerging and encouraging alternative for irreparable tears.
  • Further research is essential to optimize meniscal replacement techniques and outcomes.