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Can group-based reassuring information alter low back pain behavior? A cluster-randomized controlled trial.

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Summary

Providing workers with simple, reassuring information about low back pain (LBP) improved work participation and ability. This public health education approach positively impacted occupational behavior and reduced negative consequences of LBP.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Public Health Education
  • Musculoskeletal Disorders

Background:

  • Low back pain (LBP) is a prevalent, multifactorial condition with significant negative consequences.
  • Current recommendations include reassuring information to improve coping with LBP.
  • A simple, non-threatening explanation for LBP (temporary muscular dysfunction) has shown success in altering beliefs and behaviors when combined with other interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the isolated effect of reassuring information, specifically the 'functional-disturbance' model, on occupational behavior outcomes in the workforce.
  • To assess the impact of this targeted education on future work participation and related factors.

Main Methods:

  • A cluster-randomized controlled trial involving 505 publicly employed workers across 11 Danish municipality centers.
  • Intervention group received two 1-hour group-based workplace talks explaining LBP using the 'functional-disturbance' model.
  • Control group received no specific intervention. Data collected monthly for 1 year via SMS tracking.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in LBP development between groups.
  • Intervention group showed increased odds for work participation (OR = 1.83) and higher reported work ability.
  • Intervention group reported fewer healthcare visits, reduced bothersomeness, lower sadness/depression, and more positive back beliefs.

Conclusions:

  • Reassuring information with a simple explanation for LBP significantly enhanced work participation and ability in affected workers over 12 months.
  • Results support the utility of public health education for LBP management.
  • Findings contribute to the discussion on the efficacy of simple interventions versus multidisciplinary approaches for LBP.